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LOM Ch 18 Endocrine system Set 2
Language of Medicine, 9th Edition, Davi-Ellen Chabner Endocrine System
30
Medical
Professional
07/10/2010

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Term
T4
Definition
abbreviation for thyroxine
Term
thyroxine
Definition
another name for tetraiodothyronine
Term
T3
Definition
abbreviation for triiodothyronine
Term
T3, T4
Definition
The thyroid gland produces ________and ____________, which increase metabolism
Term
calcitonin
Definition
The thyroid gland produces __________, which decreases blood calcium
Term
parathytroid glands
Definition
four small oval bodies located on the dorsal aspect of the thyroid gland
Term
parathyroid hormone
Definition
What does PTH mean?
Term
parathyroid hormone
Definition
secreted by parathyroid glands to mobilize calcium from bones into the bloodstream
Term
parathormone
Definition
another name for PTH
Term
calcium
Definition
mineral substance that is necessary for proper functionig of body tissues, especially muscles
Term
homeostasis
Definition
equilibrium in the internal environment
Term
adrenal glands
Definition
two small glands on top of each kidney
Term
adrenal cortex
Definition
outer portion of the adrenal glands
Term
adrenal medulla
Definition
inner portion of the adrenal glands
Term
steroids
Definition
another name for corticosteroids
Term
steroids
Definition
chemicals derived from cholesterol--secreted by adrenal cortex
Term
catecholamines
Definition
chemicals derived from amino acids that are secreted by adrenal medulla
Term
T3, T4, calcitonin
Definition
Three hormones secreted by thyroid gland
Term
calcitonin
Definition
secreted by thyroid gland when calcium levels in the blood are high
Term
glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, sex hormones
Definition
three coricosteroids secreted by adrenal cortex
Term
glucocorticoids
Definition
steroid hormones secreted by adrenal cortex that are involved in the metabolism of sugars, fats, and proteins--and also have an anti-inflammatory effect
Term
cortisol
Definition
helps regulate glucose, fat, and protein metabolism--raising glucose in response to stress
Term
cortisone
Definition
similar to cortisol and can be prepared synthetically--useful in treating inflammatory conditions
Term
mineralocorticoids
Definition
corticosteroid secreted by adrenal cortex that regulates blood volume and pressure and electrolyte concentration
Term
aldosterone
Definition
major mineralocorticoid that regulates the concentration of mineral salts, reabsorbing sodium and water to excrete potassium
Term
electrolytes
Definition
Sodium and potassium are __________
Term
sex hormones
Definition
Androgen and estrogen are _________
Term
sex hormones
Definition
corticosteroids that secrete in small amounts to influence secondary sex characteristics
Term
epinephrine, norepinephrine
Definition
Two catecholamines secreted by the adrenal medulla
Term
epinephrine
Definition
another name for adrenaline
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