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LOM ch.13
Vocabulary blood system
38
Medical
Not Applicable
07/07/2005

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Term
albumin
Definition
Protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in the blood.
Term
antibody
Definition
Protein(immunoglibulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteris, viruses, or other antigens. An antibody is specific to an antigen and inactivates it.
Term
antigen
Definition
A substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the the production of an antibody.
Term
basophil
Definition
Granulocytic white blood cell with granules that stain blue when exposed to a basic dye.
Term
bilirubin
Definition
Orange-yellow pigment in bile. It is formed be the brakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells die.
Term
coagulation
Definition
blood clotting
Term
colony-stimulating factor (CSF)
Definition
Protein that stimulates the growth and proliferation of white blood cells (granulocytes).
Term
differentiation
Definition
Change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization.
Term
electrophoresis
Definition
Method of seperatingserum proteins by electrical charge.
Term
eosinophil
Definition
Granulocytic white blood cell with granules that stain red with the acidic dye eosin; associated with allergic reactions.
Term
erythrocyte
Definition
red blood cell. there are about 5 million per microliter or cubic millimeter of blood
Term
erythropoietin (EPO)
Definition
hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates formation of red blood cells.
Term
fibrin
Definition
protein threads that form the basis of a blood clot.
Term
fibrinogen
Definition
plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process
Term
globulins
Definition
part of blood containing different plasma proteins. Immunoglobulins and apha and beta globulins are examples
Term
granulocyte
Definition
white blood cell with numerous dark-staining granules: eosinophil. neutrophil, and basophil.
Term
heme
Definition
iron-containing nonprotein portion of the hemoglobin molecule.
Term
hemoglobin
Definition
blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells.
Term
hemolysis
Definition
destruction or breakdown of blood(red blood cells).
Term
heparin
Definition
Anticoagulant found in blood and tissue
Term
immune reaction
Definition
response of the immune system to foreign invasion.
Term
immunoglobulin
Definition
protein(globulin)with antibody
Term
leukocyte
Definition
white blood cell
Term
lymphocyte
Definition
mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies.
Term
macrophage
Definition
monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces. It is a large phagocyte.
Term
megakaryocyte
Definition
large platelet precursor cell formed in the bone marrow.
Term
monocyte
Definition
large mononuclear phagocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow. Monocytes become macrophages as they leave the blood and enter body tissues.
Term
mononuclear
Definition
pertaining to a cell(leukocyte) with a single round nucleus
Term
neutrophil
Definition
granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow; a phagocyte with neutral staining granules
Term
plasma
Definition
liquid portion of blood
Term
plasmapheresis
Definition
removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge. cells are retransfused into the donor. fresh-frozen plasma or salt solution is used to replace withdrawn plasma.
Term
platelet
Definition
smallest blood cell (thrombocyte); clumps at sites of injury to revent bleeding and facilitate clotting.
Term
prothrombin
Definition
plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process.
Term
reticulocyte
Definition
immature erythrocyte with a network of strands (reticulin) that can be seen after staining the sells with special dyes.
Term
rh factor
Definition
antigen on ted blood cells of rh-positive individuals
Term
serum
Definition
plasma minus clotting proteins and cells. clear, yellowish fluid that seperates from blood when it is allowed to clot. it is formed from plasma, but does not contain protein-coagulation factors.
Term
stem cell
Definition
bone marrow cell that gives rise to different types of blood cells; hematopoietic stem cell.
Term
thrombin
Definition
enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation
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