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Lesson 3
Vocab
17
Computer Science
8th Grade
02/16/2006

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Term
motherboard
Definition
the metal and plastic case that houses the main system componets o9f the computer
Term
(CPU) Central Processing Unit
Definition
the brain of the computer
and also called the microprocesser, the processor, or central processor
Term
(ASCII) American Standard Code for Information Interchange
Definition
a standardizled coding system
Term
Arithmetric/logic unit (ALU)
Definition
preforms arithmetic computations and logical operations
Term
Bit
Definition
a zero or a one
Term
Byte
Definition
generally reprensted by 8 bits
Term
cache memory
Definition
used to increse the speed of the processingh cycle
Term
control unit
Definition
the boss and coordinates all of the CPU's activites
Term
controller
Definition
a decive that controls the transfer of data from the computer to a peripheral decive and vice-versa
Term
Execution cycle (E-cycle)/instruction cycle (I-cycle)
Definition
a step by step instruction
Term
Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDID)
Definition
a code that is mostly used in very large computers
Term
memory
Definition
found on the motherboard
also thought of as a "short term" or "long term"
Term
main memory
Definition
also referred to as RAM or primary memory
Term
modem
Definition
a decive that allows one computer to talk to another
Term
Read-only memory (ROM)
Definition
another type of memory found on a motherboard and are found thoughout a computer system
Term
Random access memory (RAM)
Definition
memory on a motherboard known as short term and data, information, and program instructions are stored temporily on RAM chips
Term
Universal Serial Bus (USB)
Definition
a new standard that supports data transfer rates of up to 12 millon bits per second
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