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Lesson 18
Unit 3 Test
39
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
09/21/2012

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Cards

Term
Specific Gravity –
Definition
[1.0053 – 1.030] weight or degree of concentration
Term
Urinalysis [U/A] –
Definition
lab analysis of urine.
Term
Specimen collection –
Definition
collected random, clean-voided or midstream, sterile and timed specimens.
Term
routine Urinalysis –
Definition
collect during normal voiding from and indwelling catheter or urinary diversion collection bag
Term
clean-voided/ midstream:
Definition
(culture and sensitivity) – use a sterile specimen cup
Term
sterile specimen
Definition
(culture and sensitivity) – if patient has an indwelling catheter, collect a sterile specimen by using aseptic technique through the special sampling port – allows fresh, uncontaminated urine to be sampled.
Term
24 hour urinalysis –
Definition
discard 1st void and record time of the 2nd void – collect over 24 hours in sterile cup and keep on ice or refrigerated in brown jug.
Term
-Normal Urine Appearance:
Definition
Pale yellow, straw to amber depending on concentration, No casts/ crystals, No pus, no blood
Term
-Infected Urine Characteristics:
Definition
Red/ pink: red blood cells, Strong ammonia odor, s/s: dysuria, frequency, urgency, hesitancy, fever, flank pain, abdominal pain, vomiting
Term
Output- should be at least?? an hour
Definition
75 cc of urine
Term
Output of ?? should be reported
Definition
30cc or less for more than two hour, intake should equal output
Term
The best measure of cardiac output is
Definition
urinary output.
Term
UTI – 40 % of health care related infections often due to:
Definition
poor hand washing/ catheter care/ urinary retention/ residual urine – Medicare will not reimburse hospitals for readmission due to UTI acquired during previous stay.
Term
Bed pan and specimen Collection:
Definition
approximate what is normal- try to allow pt positions that are as close to normal method of voiding as possible- men standing, women sitting down.
Term
IVP(Intravenous Pyelogram)-
Definition
views collecting ducts & renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Converts dye into urine..ASSESS CLIENT FOR SHELLFISH (IODINE) ALLERGY BEFORE TEST B/C DYE CONTAINS SHELLFISH!!
Term
Urine Culture-
Definition
must be done on sterile, or clean catch/clean voided specimen. Checking for microorganisms
Term
*anuria –
Definition
no urine output
Term
*diuresis –
Definition
increased urination
Term
*oliguria –
Definition
small amount of urine output
Term
*residual urine –
Definition
amount left in bladder after voiding
Term
*dysuria –
Definition
painful or difficult urination – cause by bladder infection, trauma, or inflammation of urethral sphincter.
Term
*frequency –
Definition
voiding at frequent intervals (< 2 hours) caused by ↑fluid intake, bladder inflammation, ↑pressure on bladder (pregnancy), diuretic therapy.
Term
*urgency –
Definition
feeling of need to void immediately – caused by full bladder, bladder irritation or infection, overactive bladder, psychological stress.
Term
-the use of fiber in the diet:
Definition
Low Fiber: low residue for when you have diarrhea; High Fiber: for constipation
Term
How incontinence affects the aging:
Definition
Disturbed body image due to wet clothes, odor, need for absorbent undergarments; Embarrassed/ashamed
Term
Skin integrity:
Definition
You don’t want skin breakdown! Respect privacy; Change absorbent undergarments often when soiled; Good hygiene/ peri-care / skin protectants;High risk for infection
Term
Small intestines absorb most of the
Definition
nutrients and electrolytes
Term
Older people are very concerned about
Definition
their bowels
Term
Narcotics cause
Definition
constipation
Term
Fecal impaction:
Definition
unrelieved constipation; collection of hardened feces wedged in rectum that can’t expel
Term
Obvious signof fecal impaction is
Definition
inability to pass stool for several days, When continuous oozing of diarrhea stool occurs
Term
s/sx
Definition
Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping
Term
If you suspect impaction then
Definition
perform a digital examination of rectum and palpate for impacted mass
Term
Iron supplements make stool
Definition
black.
Term
High GI bleeding=
Definition
black stool
Term
Low GI bleeding=
Definition
red stool
Term
Colon cancer-
Definition
grey to white stool color
Term
Fecal Occult blood test –
Definition
a common lab test that clients can perform at home or nurses perform at client’s bedside. Measures microscopic amounts of blood in feces. Useful screening tool for colon cancer. [**NSAID’s decrease clotting factors – can cause bleeding (aspirin) stop taking them 3-5 days before test]
Term
Normal stool characteristics:
Definition
Soft, brown;Odor: pungent (affected by food type); Frequency 2-3 times per week or more;Amount: 150 g/day;Shape: resembles diameter of rectum
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