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Lecture 9
Pre-op and Post-op of the horse
28
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
08/29/2016

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Cards

Term
What are some of the uses for horses?
Definition
-Performance: Racing, WEstern, English, Eventing, PUlling
-Breeding
-Pleasure
-Pets
Term
What is the most important consideration during equine surgery?
Definition
-SAFETY
Term
How can patient size and temperament be the largest obstacles to the equine surgeon?
Definition
-fight or flight response
-manipulation and positioning
-aneshtesia and recovery
-implants available
Term
What are the parts of the history that are important with equine surgery?
Definition
-signalment
-presenting complaint
-duration of clinical signs
-previous diagnostics
-previous procedures
-current/recent meds
-vaccination status
-fitness level
-insurance status
Term
What are the ranges of normal for the following part of an equine physical exam:
a) temp
b) HR
c) RR
d) GI motility
Definition
a) temp = 99.5-101.5
b) HR: adult - 24-48 bpm & foal = 40-60 bpm
c) RR = 12-30 bpm
d) GI motilit: intestinal sounds should be present in all quadrants
Term
During a pre-op physical exam, we examine the WHOLE horse and evaluate all systems. Which systems should we key in on?
Definition
-CV, resp, system(s) involved in procedure
Term
What tests are collectively known as our minimum databbase?
Definition
-HCT, TP, BUN, Glucose
Term
What tests do we add to our pre-op lab diagnostrics with a compromised patient?
Definition
-inflammatory profile
-LA chem profile
-lactate analysis
-arterial blood gas
-UA
Term
What do we administer for tetanus prophylaxis?
Definition
-toxoid
Term
Why are reginal pre-op antibiotics so common in equine medicine?
Definition
-horse is so big that systemic antibiotics are too expensive
Term
Why would we do a standing procedure on an equine patient?
Definition
-limited to those patients with suitable dispositions
-surgeon preference
-cost
-may be more appropriate than general anesthesia
Term
When we use chemical restraint on a horse, do we give it bollus or CRI?
Definition
-ALWAYS BOLUS IN THE HORSE
Term
What can we use to mechanically restrain the horse for standing procedures?
Definition
-stocks
-nose twitch
Term
What are some examples of standing procedures??
Definition
-endoscopic URT
-laparoscopy
-wound repair/revision
-flank laparotomy
-dental extraction
-castration
-perineal procedures
Term
What are the characteristics of standing anethesia?
Definition
-no recovery
-patient can move
-possible dec cost
-uncomfortable for the vet
-personnel safety risk
-anatomic orientation
Term
What are the characteristics of general anesthesia?
Definition
-recovery risk
-immobilized
-inc cost
-cofortable for vet
-immobilized
-altered oriantation
Term
IN general, recovery from (inhalang/PIVA/TIVA) protocols is better but duration of procedure may preclude its exclusive use.
Definition
-TIVA
Term
How do we prepare a horse for general anesthesia?
Definition
-fasting
-IV catheter placement
-groom patient
-clean/trim feet
-wash out mouth
-clean shavings off
Term
Describe a typical general anesthesia induction of a horse.
Definition
-Pre-meds: give sedatives IV or IM and WAIT to become unresponsive to environmental stimuli
-INduction meds: give Ketamine/Diazepam as IV bolus
Term
What is the most commonly used form of tracheal intubation in the horse?
Definition
-orotracheal
Term
When would we specifically use nasotracheal intubation in a horse? What about a tracheotomy?
Definition
-oral access
-compromised URT
Term
Why is padding the horse during general anesthesia so important?
Definition
-support the horse
-prevent myositis
-prevent neuropathies
Term
Why do we always remove a horses halter for general anesthesia?
Definition
-to prevent facial nerve paralysis
Term
What is the most common position in equine surgery? Second?
Definition
-dorsal recumbency
-lateral
Term
Why do we pull the down legs forward for a horse in lateral recumbency/?
Definition
-to prevent neuropathy
Term
What is the Trendelenburg position? What is it used for? Any concerns?
Definition
-head is lower than the pelvic limbs
-better access to caudal abdomen for laparoscopic urogenital surgeries
-anesthetic concerns
Term
Why do we put Elastikon toape on the hoof walls of recovering horse?
Definition
-gives foot traction
-protects recovery stall floor from trauma by hoofs
Term
What are some GA recovery complications?
Definition
-myositis
-minor soft tissue trauma
-catastrophic fracture
-airway obstruction: pulmonary edema
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