Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Latin American History Final
Latin American History 1850 Final
27
History
Undergraduate 1
05/12/2010

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
FARC
Definition

Response to National Front (wealthy landowners who controlled gov't)

 

Revolutionary forces of colombia

40+ years of continual civil warfare with gov't

1985- FARC ceasefire, some congress seats

Deathsquads kill lots of FARC members

FARC presidential candidate killed by Deathsquad

Term
Dom Pedro II
Definition

  • Emperor of Brazil since 1831
  • Offers slaves freedom if they fight in War of the Triple Alliance
  • Gains lots of executive power after war
  • Lots of militarily trained freed slaves around

Term

War of the Triple Alliance

1865-1870

Definition

  • Solomon Lopez becomes president after Gaspar Francia
  • Simultaneously invades Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay
  • 1/2 of Paraguay dies :(
  • Brings Argentina + Brazil together

Term

The Golden Law

 

Definition

Officially ended slavery in Brazil

1888

Princess Isabel signed it

Term
Grace Contract
Definition

  • After War of the Pacific Peru was very poor
  • Michael Grace founded Guano consortium of Peru
  • Paid off Peru's debts
  • Concessions: All railroads, guano monopoly, free use of ports, huge amount of land in amazon, peruvian gov't pays grace annually
  • Basically, Peru got fucked.

Term
APRA
Definition

  • Peruvian Middle Class's response to Oligarchy who were exploiting resources 
  • American Popular Revolutionary Alliance
  • Want to revoke grace contract
  • Lots killed when APRA wins presidency
  • Gov't killing "communist" APRA while adapting communist ideals

Term
Corridos
Definition

  • Songs from Northern Mexico
  • Usually politically based

Term
Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana
Definition

  • Corrupt but competent military leader
  • 11 presidencies in 22 years (loved power without responsibility)
  • Texas gained independence during his presidency
  • Eventually pushed out of power

Term
Benito Juarez
Definition

  • Civilian Lawyer who led liberal rebellion to end Santa Ana's era
  • Stopped France, Britain, Spain from invading Mexico
  • Given weapons, aid from USA

Term
Porfirio Diaz
Definition

  • Elected after Juarez died
  • Built 15k miles of railroad, petroleum industry
  • People liked him, but he just kept running
  • Loses to Francisco madero, but then arrests and exiles Madero
  • ranchers rebel against Diaz

Term
Francisco Madero
Definition

Becomes pres. in 1911

Emiliano Zapato thinks Madero is naive and is fucking over natives

Rebels against Madero

Huerta is sent to 

Term
Constitution of 1917
Definition

  • Anti-Clericalism- priests register w/ police, no open air masses
  • Education- Secular, Free, Public
  • Agrarian Reform- Only mexicans can only mexican land
  • Article 123- min wage, 8 hr workday, equal pay

Term
Platt Amendment
Definition

  • 1901- ensured US involvement in cuba's foreign and domestic policies
  • Guantanamo Bay
  • Indirectly led to Cuban Revolution in 1959

Term
Fulgencio batista
Definition

  • Dictator of Cuba
  • Strong Relations with the US
  • Overthrown by Castro in 1959

Term
Fidel Castro
Definition

  • Overthrew Batista in 1959
  • Communist leader
  • Established close ties with USSR
  • Cuban Missile Crisis (willing to sacrifice cuba to weaken imperialist US)

Term
Pongueje
Definition

  • Bolivian version of sharecropping
  • exploited natives
  • time consuming labor demands placed on peasantry

Term

Chaco War

1932-1935

Definition

  • Like two bald men fighting over a comb
  • Paraguay vs Bolivia
  • Primarily native Bolivians fighting on front line
  • Bolivians overthrow their german general and president

Term
COB
Definition

  • National Labor Union
  • Trotskyist
  • minority, but all miners who control economy
  • Basically control the MNR after evaporating Bolivian Military during MNR's revolution

Term
MNR
Definition

Middle Class Party

Won election in 1952

*21+ universal suffrage, mines expropriated, haciendas ended*

establish a military who then take over gov't

in constant fighting with COB

 

Term

Jacobo Arbenz Guzman

(guatemala)

Definition

Helped overthrow Ubico in 1944

1950- 3 fundamental objectives: economic nationalism, modern capitalist nation, raise living standards

1952- Buy non used hacienda land, redistribute 1.5 mill acres to 100k people

1954- US backed coup against Arbenz

Term

United Fruit Company

 

Definition

  • Offered ~$600k for nonused hacienda land during Arbenz's argrarian reform
  • Lied on taxes, demand more money
  • Use connections to US gov't to have a coup against Arbenz
  • put Armas in power
  • 30 year civil war follows

Term
Liberation Theology
Definition

  • 1968- meeting of priests in colombia
  • capitalism an afront to human dignity
  • marxism (minus atheism) is awesome
  • Pope John Paul hates this

Term

Samoza Family

(Nicaragua)

Definition

  • Nicaragua was in talks to build competing canal
  • USMC occupies Nicaragua
  • US puts Anastazio Samoza in power
  • Real assholes
  • sold donated blood to Florida bloodbanks after '72 earthquake
  • Bombed own cities to stop Sandinistas
  • left nicaragua in horrible condition

Term
FSLN
Definition

  • Sandinista
  • Modelled on cuban revolution
  • huge range of int'l support
  • 1979- finally exile samoza
  • junta of mostly sandinistas
  • Reagan freezes their aid
  • 80% of agriculture in private hands
  • gov't takes 40% of gdp owned by samozas

Term
Contras
Definition

  • counter revolutionaries
  • supported Samoza
  • got aid from USA

Term
Haitian Revolution
Definition

  • 1791-1804
  • Only successful slave revolt in human history
  • Toussaint leads slaves to remove french, but when france abolishes slavery, ends revolt
  • Toussaint fends off Great britain and spain
  • Jean-Jacques Dessalines expels french napoleonic soldiers who wanted to re-enslave haitians

Term
Toussaint
Definition

Well educated slave

Considers himself french

Wanted to have haitians work hard on haciendas to fend off british (who would actually enslave them)

Betrayed by Napoleon 

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