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Details

Last RAT test
Brain attack, acute spinal cord injury, Parkinson's, MS, Huntington's, ALS
21
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
04/24/2013

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Spinal Cord injuries
Definition

most common- motor vehicle crashes, sports injuries, birth trauma, and nonaccidental trauma.

(MVC)- 67.7 not properly restrained

Term
Transverse myelitis (inflammation of the spinal cord)
Definition
caused my illness and has also been reported to develop from inadvertent intraarterial administration of long-acting penicillin injected into the buttocks. May result to paraplegia or even lower limb amputation.
Term
MVCs- indirect trauma
Definition
hyperflexion or hyperextension of the neck, ofen combined with rotational force.
Term

SCIWORA

SCI without radiographic abnormality

Definition
trauma to the spinal cord without evidence of vertebral fracture or dislocation. (high in not properly restrained)
Term
children's spines
Definition
SCIWORA is more common in children because of suppler, weaker, and more mobile than those of adults.
Term
Brain attack
Definition

stroke- change in the normal blood supply to the brain.

Any stroke is a medical emergency that strikes suddenly, and it  should be treated immediately to prevent neurologic deficit and permanent damage

Term

Stroke- ____ cause of death in US

_______ die each year from stroke

Definition

third

136,000

Term
Patho changes in brain
Definition
  • cannot store O2 or glucose- constrant flow of blood to provide these
  • blood flow- removes metabolic waste (CO2, lactic acid)
  • More than a few minutes- infarction
  • Brain metabolism and blood flow after a stroke are affected around the infarction as weel as in the contralateral (opposite side)- may be from brain sweeling- ICP 
Term
ischemic stroke
Definition
(AIS) occlusion (blockage) of a cerebral artery by either a thrombus (clot) or an embolus (dislodged clot)
Term
ALS
Definition

Amyotropic lateral sclerosis

degenerative neurological disorder of the upper and lower motor neurons that result in deterioration and death of the motor neurons. This results in a progressive paralysis and muscle wasting that eventually causes resp paralysis and death. Cognitive function is not usually affected.

Term
Death from ALS
Definition
within 3 to 5 years of inital symptoms
Term
ALS client education
Definition
genetic counseling is suggested for family members of clients with ALS
Term
ALS- when and who
Definition

more men than women

between 40 and 70

Term
ALS- subjective
Definition

Fatigue

Twitching and cramping of muscles

Term
Objective Data ALS
Definition

Muscle weakness- usually begins in one part of the body

Muscle atrophy

Dysphagia

Dysarthria

Hyperreflexia of deep tendon reflexes

Term
Lab for ALS
Definition
increased Creatine kinase (CK-BB) level
Term
ALS electromyogram
Definition
reduction in number of functioning motor units of peripheral nerves
Term
ALS- muscle biopsy
Definition
Reduction in number of motor units of peripheral nerves and atrophic muscle fibers
Term

ALS- nursing care

 

Definition
  • Maintain a patent airway and suction and/or intubate as needed
  • Monitor ABGs and administer O2, intermittent positive pressure ventilation, bilevel positive airyway presussure, or mechanical ventilation as needed
  • Keep the head of bed at 45 degrees, turn, cough, and deep breathe every 2 hr; conduct incentive spirometry/chest physiotherapy.
  • Facilitate effective communication (dysarthria) with  communication board and speech language therapist referral.
  • Assess coping and depression
  • Assess swallow reflex and ensure safety with oral intake. Thikcen fluids as needed.
  • Meet nutritional needs for calories, fiber, and fluids. Enteral nutrition if can't swallow.
  • Utilize energy consercation measures
  • Address the client's interest in the establishment of advance directive/living will.
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