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Lab Midterm
Labs 1-6
41
Physiology
Undergraduate 3
02/21/2014

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Cards

Term
what is HR?
Definition
rate at which the heart beats
expressed as beats per minute (bpm)
Term
What happens to resting HR with age?
Definition
HR is higher in children, as you become an adult it lowers, and the gets high with age
Term
what is APMHR?
Definition
age predicted max heart rate
220-age=max heart rate
Term
Definition
yes
Term
How do you locate the radial pulse/carotid pulse?
Definition
radial in line with thumb
carotid under jaw
Term
How do you locate the radial pulse/carotid pulse?
Definition
count for 30 seconds then multiply by 2
Term
what is the Karvonen Method?
Definition
Target HR = ((max HR − resting HR) × %Intensity) + resting HR
Term
what is BP?
Definition
Measurement of the force applied to the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood through the body
Term
what factors affect BP?
Definition
activity,
temperature,
diet,
emotional state,
posture,
physical state,
medication use
Term
how do you measure BP?
Definition
Wrap the blood pressure cuff snugly around your upper arm, positioning it so that the lower edge of the cuff is 1 inch above the antecubital space
Locate the brachial artery and place the head of the stethoscope over it, below the cuff
It should not rub the cuff or any clothing
Correct positioning of the stethoscope is important
to get an accurate recording
Patient should be sitting for at least 5 minutes
in a quiet place before BP is taken
Close the valve on the rubber inflating bulb and then inflate the cuff until the dial or column of mercury reads 200mmHg
Next, the valve is opened slightly, allowing the pressure to fall at 2 to 3 mmHg per second
The level on the dial or mercury tube at which the sound of blood pulsing is first heard is recorded
This is the systolic pressure
As the air continues to be let out, the sounds will disappear
This is the diastolic pressure
Term
what is the average healthy BP?
Definition
110/70 mmHg
Term
systolic vs. diastolic
Definition
Term
hypertension
Definition
140/90 mmHg
Term
what is white coat syndrome?
Definition
increased BP due to the presence of the doctor
Term
what do you sure to measure BP?
Definition
Term
what is the unit of measurement for BP?
Definition
mmHg
Term
pulse pressure
Definition
Term
mean arterial pressure
Definition
1/3 (pulse pressure) + diastolic
minimum MAP to maintain organ function is 60 mmHg
Term
rate pressure product
Definition
HR x systolic BP
oxygen requirements of the heart
determining the workload of the hear
Term
what is the max BP during exercise?
Definition
BP should never exceed 260/115 mmHg
Term
What is a Submaximal test?
Definition
typically 85% of max HR
Term
why should you always perform a cool down?
Definition
allow HR and BP to return to normal
blood pools in dilated arteries
Term
how do you set up a cycle ergometer?
Definition
adjust needs to subject
seat height at greater trochanter or 5-10 degree knee flexion
handle bars 45 degree towards subject
Term
why would you stop a submax test?
Definition
BP too high
dizziness
subject discomfort
Term
what is progressive exercise?
Definition
low->high
Term
what is the RPE scale?
Definition
rate of perceived exertion
Factors: psychological factors
such as motivation, training and
task aversion
Term
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
Definition
Term
Why would we measure RMR?
Definition
To find quantitatively the minimal kcals
required each day
Term
For accurate RMR results, subjects should follow:
Definition
No eating /drinking within 6 hours of test (h₂o = exception)
No exercise 12 hours prior to test
No use of tobacco within 6 hours
No caffeine within 6 hours
Avoid OTC medications
Term
factors that affect RMR
Definition
Body Composition
For every 1% increase in body fat, RMR decreases 0.01 kcal/min
Genetics (Fast vs. Slow metabolism)
Men vs. women
Women 5-10% lower RMR
Getting older
RMR decreases 2-3% per decade
Term
O2 Deficit
Definition
The delay in oxygen uptake at the beginning of exercise
Term
O2 Debt
aka?
Definition
excess oxygen uptake above rest post-exercise,
EPOC (Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption
Term
what is VO2 max?
Definition
The highest rate of oxygen consumption (VO2) attainable during maximal or exhaustive exercise
Term
what training increases VO2 max?
Definition
endurance
Term
how do you change relative to absolute VO2?
Definition
relative times weight in kg divided by 1000
Term
1L of O2 equals
Definition
5 kcals
Term
peak Vo2?
Definition
no plateau, max reading in a max test
Term
5 criteria for VO2 max?
Definition
plateau in oxygen with increasing workload
RER greater than 1.15 (RER=VCO2/VO2)
RPE greater than 17
lactate levels over 8 mMols per deciliter
HR should be within 10 beats of APMHR or fail to increase with any further increases in workload
Term
peripheral fatigue?
Definition
arm and legs fail
Term
central fatigue?
Definition
cardiovascular fails
Term
two calibrations for metabolic cart.
Definition
gas
flow meter
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