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Lab 2: Paper Chromatography
Lab 2: Paper Chromatography
18
Chemistry
Undergraduate 3
12/16/2011

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Term
__________ means color writing.
Definition
1) Chromatography
Term
What are the four types of chromatography?
Definition
1) Column
2) Gas
3) Paper
4) Thin-layer
Term
In chromatography, a mixture of solute in a __________ phase pass through or over a selective absorbing medium, the __________ phase.
As the __________ phase migrates through the __________ phase, separation occurs because the solutes have different affinities for the two-phased system.
Definition
1) Mobile
2) Stationary
3) Mobile
4) Stationary
Term
In __________ chromatography, the __________ phase is made of small particles packed in a glass tube.
As the __________ phase migrates through the particles, they are separated by their interaction with either the stationary or mobile phase or both.
Definition
1) Column
2) Stationary
3) Mobile
Term
In __________ chromatography, the __________ phase is made of small particles packed in a glass tube.
The __________ phase is usually an inert gas like helium.
The mixture to be separated through the __________ phase by the inert gas.
Gas chromatography is popular with organic chemists as it is a very effective means of separating and identifying organic compounds.
Definition
1) Gas
2) Stationary
3) Mobile
4) Stationary
Term
In __________ chromatography, the paper is the __________ phase and the liquid or developing solution is the __________ phase.
Definition
1) Paper
2) Stationary
3) Mobile
Term
__________-__________ chromatography is very similar to paper chromatography but it uses a dried gel or slurry laid down on a smooth surface like a square of glass.
The glass and the slurry are the __________ phase.
The developing solvent is the __________ phase.
Definition
1) Thin-layer
2) Stationary
3) Mobile
Term
In this lab, the chromatographic paper represented the __________ phase and the developing solution (__________ / __________ mixture) represents the __________ phase of the system.
Definition
1) Stationary
2) HCl / acetone
3) Mobile
Term
The ions will move through the paper via __________ __________, likely through different rates due to different __________ __________.
These interactions determine the rate at which separation occurs.
Definition
1) Capillary action
2) Attractive forces
Term
In this lab, the paper used is made of __________ which has a surface covered in polar -OH groups.
Definition
1) Cellulose
Term
Transition metals in solution form __________; __________ is one such solvent that a transition metal may complex with.
The more highly charged the complex the (greater/lesser) the affinity for the more __________ stationary phase and the (faster/slower) the ions move.
Definition
1) Complexes
2) Water
3) Greater
4) Polar
5) Slower
Term
The four metal ions involved in the second chromatogram are __________, __________, __________, and __________.
Definition
1) Cobalt (II) Co2+
2) Copper (II) Cu2+
3) Iron (III) Fe3+
4) Nickel Ni2+
Term
The Rf stands for __________ or __________ __________.
Definition
1) Retention
2) Retardation factor
Term
The Rf is mathematically expressed as:
__________ / _________.
Definition
1) Distance traveled by ion
2) Distance traveled by solvent front
Term
Four factors that can affect the Rf are:
Definition
1) Large temperature changes
2) Variations in the paper itself
3) Overlapping paper edges
4) The developing solvent used
Term
__________ can be used to identify compounds and ions and to separate components of a mixture.
Definition
1) Chromatography
Term
__________ is the degree to which a species is separated.
Definition
1) Resolution
Term
The reason you have to ensure that your developing solution does not cross the baseline on the chromatogram is because of why?
Definition
1) If the developing solution is at or above the baseline, there is an opportunity that the spots will go into solution and will fail to migrate up the chromatogram.
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