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L8 Role of Family in Development
Creighton University School of Medicine
21
Medical
Professional
02/27/2013

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Term
The Family in Human Evolution
Definition
-The family is the central social unit for human beings.
-Required by the long gestational period and relatively slow maturation of children.
-Required by decreasing human dependence on fixed behavior patterns and increased use of technology.
-Allowed people to survive to older ages, allowing them to accumulate knowledge and tradition.
-Formed the main unit for transmitting this knowledge and tradition to succeeding generations.
-Families and kinship formed the earliest social and economic units.
Term
What is the role of an attachment system?
Definition
-Active, biologically driven, goal directed communication of need to the parent
-Availability (or lack of availability) of parent to the distressed child impacts security
-The child develops internal working models that shape expectations of human relationships based on their experience with the parent
Term
How is family dysfunction related to health problems?
Definition
-Domestic violence is related to alcoholism, drug abuse depression, and school failure
-Divorced men have twice the risk of suicide
-Children of divorced families have a higher risk of substance abuse
-More medical services are used by families of divorced parents
-People in dysfunctional marriages show suppressed immune functioning.
Term
What are the 5 family stages?
Definition
the couple, early parenting, late parenting, leave taking, and the empty nest
Term
Family stages (describe "the couple" stage)
Definition
Establishes an effective dyadic relationship and develops relationships with in-laws
Term
Family stages (describe "early parenting" stage)
Definition
Negotiates the transition from couple to parent. Establishes expectations of child and of each other. Active and protective orientation with child
Term
Family stages (describe "late parenting" stage)
Definition
Learns to tolerate and support the increasing autonomy of children. Balances independence with safety
Term
Family stages (describe "leave taking" stage)
Definition
Establishes ways to stay connected with children as they increase independence and leave the home for increasing periods
Term
Family stages (describe "the empty nest" stage)
Definition
Re-establishment of the couple as a primary relationship.
Term
What are the 2 tenets of Wilson's circumplex model?
Definition
adaptability and cohesion
Term
What are the 4 areas of family functioning?
Definition
-Emotion management
-World view
-Structure and Organization
-Problem solving
Term
Areas of family functioning (tenets of emotion management)
Definition
Aversive
-hostility
-guilt induction
-domination
-little closeness

Avoidance
-emotional distance
-avoidance of feelings

Conflict resolution
-positive and effective approach to conflict
Term
Areas of family functioning (tenets of world view)
Definition
Coherence
-Events are not controlled by chance
-Optimism about the future

Life engagement
-Toleration of differences
-Variety
-Moderate risk taking

Religiousness
-Belief in God
-Use of prayer
-Religious rituals
Term
Areas of family functioning (tenets of structure and organization)
Definition
Orderliness
-There is order and planfulness in daily activities

Organized cohesiveness
-Family closeness
-Strong rules and roles

Sex-role traditionalism
-Enactment of traditional, gender-based roles
Term
Areas of family functioning (tenets of problem solving)
Definition
Effectiveness
-Able to solve problems confronting the family

Problem solving activity
-Problems are addressed directly
-There is active effort to solve problems
Term
What are the 4 family styles?
Definition
-Balanced
-Traditional
-Disconnected
-Emotionally Strained
Term
What are the characterisitics of a balanced family?
Definition
-Good intergenerational separation
-Good regulation of interpersonal distance
-Active engagement with the outside world
-Support for moderate risk taking
Term
What are the characterisitics of a traditional family?
Definition
-Cohesive with emphasis on order and structure
-Emphasize ritual and routine
-Strong religious affiliation
-Demonstrate traditional sex roles
-Internally focused
Term
What are the characterisitics of a disconnected family?
Definition
-Low levels of orderliness
-Low intimacy and companionship
-Non-traditional
-Externally focused
-Reliance on outsiders for support and intimacy
Term
What are the characterisitics of an emotionally strained family?
Definition
-Well defined boundaries and norms
-Tense and emotionally constrained
-Poorly regulated emotional outbursts
-Unresolved tension and hostility
-Poor conflict management
Term
What skills promote a healthy marriage?
Definition
-Communication and problem solving
-Rules for solving the inevitable conflicts
-Forgiveness
-Togetherness based on intimacy and shared identity while respecting individuality
-Establishing a separate identity from parents and siblings while remaining connected to them
-Nurturing, comforting, supporting and encouraging each other
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