Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Kaduceus Lecture 6
From coursework 105
27
Pharmacology
12th Grade
05/18/2013

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the four main modes of transmission?
Definition
Contact, Vehicle, Airborne, and Vector Borne
Term
Direct Contact
Definition
Contact through touching between an infected source and a shost (e.g. touching a wound)
Term
Indirect Contact
Definition
infecting source contaminates an inanimate object and the infecting agent is passed to the host via the object (e.g. the gastrointestinal diseases such as salmonella are transmitted this way).
Term
Droplet Contact
Definition
Infection spreads via coughing, sneezing, or talking, and can be spread directly or indirectly to a host (e.g. cold viruses and influenza are spread this way). Droplets can travel only about 3 feet, and therefore are not classified as airborne.
Term
Vehicle Transmission
Definition
Some of the most common vehicle transmissions are food, water, blood, and drugs.
Term
Airborne Transmission
Definition
Residue from droplets can remain suspended in the air for long periods of time and travel more than 3 feet (e.g. chicken pox and tuberculosis).
Term
Vector Transmission
Definition
This is when an infected organism transmits a disease to a human (e.g. malaria transmitted via a mosquito).
Term

True or false: 

A pathogenic organism can cause disease anywhere

Definition
True
Term
What kind of bacteria is so light in weight that they can stay suspended in air and be carried by air currents?
Definition
Staphylococcus and Streptococcus
Term
_____ have excellent in vitro germicidal activity against: gram-positive vegetative bacteria, gram-negative vegetative bacteria, multi drug-resistant pathogens, and mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Definition
Alcohols
Term
_________ organisms are normally found in the body and require two criteria to cause a disease.
Definition
Non-pathogenic
Term
What are the two requirements to cause a disease?
Definition

A. Normal flora population of this organism must exceed its usual level. Typically, populations are stable but may be disrupted by antibiotic use or a weakened immune system.

B. Organism must be displaced or relocated in the body in a location outside its normal boundaries.

Term
What are the environmental conditions for bacteria to survive?
Definition
  • The pH factor of a solution, if in liquid
  • The temperature
  • The presence of nutrients such as dextrose.
Term
The majority of pathogenic bacteria have optimal survival between_______ and a pH of ____.
Definition
30-37° Celsius, 7.0
Term

True or False:

Never reuse single use ampules.

Definition
True
Term
Strict Isolation
Definition
Used to prevent transmission of highly contagious, virulent infections spread by both air and contact. Examples are smallpox and diphtheria. Diphtheria is an upper respiratory tract illness characterized by sore throat.
Term
What should personnel do/wear for precautions against strict isolation?
Definition
  • Wear masks, gowns, and gloves.
  • Wash hands after removal of gloves.
  • Discard objects that might be contaminated.
Term
Protective Isolation
Definition
To prevent contact between potentially pathogenic microorganisms and uninfected persons who have impaired resistance (e.g. burn patients and immunosuppressed patients).
Term
Precautions against protective isolation
Definition
  • Wear masks, gowns, and gloves.
  • Wash hands after removal of gloves.
  • Personnel with possible respiratory infection should be restricted from this area.
Term
Blood/Body Fluid Precautions:
Definition
Prevent infections that might be transmitted by direct or indirect contact with blood or body fluids that are infected. (AIDS, hepatitis B)
Term
True or False: Personnel who might come into contact with blood/body fluids must wear gloves and gowns.
Definition
True
Term
Tuberculosis Isolation:
Definition
To prevent infections transmitted by airborne/droplet contact with active tuberculosis
Term
True or false: Masks and gowns are suggested but not required if not coming into prolonged or direct contact with patient coughing.
Definition
True
Term
Contact Isolation
Definition
To prevent transmission of highly transmissible of epidemiologically related infections that do not warrant strict isolation. (influenza virus in infants/children.)
Term
The USP/NF 797 requires daily monitoring and documentation of refrigeratorsto ensure that the temperature remains between _____ celsius.
Definition
2-8°
Term
Checking of expiration dates for drugs in the pharmacy should be performed _______.
Definition
Monthly
Term
Schedule ______ meds dispensed as floor stock must be reviewed by a pharmacist for proper usage at least ______.
Definition
II-V; monthly (not to exceed 30 days.)
Supporting users have an ad free experience!