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Juniper JNCIA Certification study cards
Study cards for juniper junos boot camp for the JNCIA certification.
79
Computer Networking
Graduate
08/13/2013

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Term
Command To Display Primary Syslog File
Definition
Show Log Messages
Term
Where are ICMP errors (TTL, etc) handled?
Definition
The PFE (Packet Forwarding Engine)
Term
Name characteristics of the Interior Link
Definition
Rate Limited to protect from DDoS, Non-Configurable
Term
Name 3 Major Functions of the Routing Engine.
Definition
Maintains routing and forwarding tables.
Controls and monitors chassis.
Manages the PFE.
Term
What provides the CLI and the J-Web GUI?
Definition
The routing Engine.
Term
Name the Major Functions of the PFE
Definition
Uses layer 2 and layer 3 forwarding tables, provided by the RE.
Stateless Firewall Filtering implementation.
Class Of Service implementation.
Term
Define transit traffic.
Definition
Traffic that enters a port, is forwarded by the PFE, and is sent towards a destination out another port. Never reaches control plane. May be both unicast and multicast.
Term
What is exception traffic?
Definition
Traffic headed to local system, and gets processed by RE. Includes routing updates, icmp errors, and IP packets with IP Option Fields.
Term
What are the three major Junos OS platform categories?
Definition
Switching, Routing, and Security.
Term
What are the Junos Routing Device Series?
Definition
PTX, ACX, MX, T, M, LN. (Please Allow MaX To Make LiNes).
Term
What are the Junos Switching Device Series?
Definition
EX, QFX (EXcellent Question)
Term
What are the Junos Security Device Series?
Definition
J, SRX (Just Security)
Term
What is ASICs?
Definition
Application-specific intregrate circuits. Used by the PFE to increase performance.
Term
What is GRES?
Definition
Graceful Routing Engine Switchover. Allows platforms with multiple Routing Engines to continue functioning if one fails.
Term
What architecture is the RE based on?
Definition
X86 or PowerPC
Term
What source code is Junos based on? Do all platforms use the same source code base?
Definition
FreeBSD Unix, an open source system. All platforms use the same source code base.
Term
Describe protected memory in the Junos OS.
Definition
Each process runs in a protected memory space, ensuring one process cannot interfere with another. When a single process fails, the entire system does not necessarily fail. Also allows features to be added with less probablity to break the existing system.
Term
Name advantages of the Junos OS.
Definition
Protected memory space allows for a more stable system, also decreases likelyhood of new features causing system instability.
Term
What are the primary functions of control plane and forwarding plane?
Definition
Control plane maintains routing intelligence, controls and monitors chassis, and manages PFE. The forwarding plane forwards packets and implements advanced services.
Term
How are transit and exception traffic handled?
Definition
Transit is handled in the PFE, exception is locally processed by the platform and may be handled by the PFE or RE depending on traffic type. Hostbound traffic is handled by the RE.
Term
What are the console port settings?
Definition
RJ-45 RS-232 @ 9600 Bps. 8/1/N (non configurable)
Term
How is J-Web Accessed?
Definition
A GUI through HTTP or HTTPS.
Term
What users are configured by default?
Definition
Only the root user, without any password.
Term
What is the factory-default hostname?
Definition
Amnesiac
Term
What unix commands may be executed as root?
Definition
Any command
Term
When logged in as root user, what command enters the CLI?
Definition
CLI
Term
Name some Operational mode functions.
Definition
Set system date/time. Monitor and Tshoot software, network connectivity, and hardware.
Monitor, Ping, Show, Test, Traceroute commands.
Identified by the ">" symbol.
Copy Files
Term
Name some Configuration mode functions.
Definition
Configure all properties of the OS, such as interfaces, protocols, some system properties, and user access.
Term
What command provides very detailed help?
Definition
Help Topic XXXX
Term
What command displays summary info for referenced config statement?
Definition
Help Reference
Term
What does Help Apropos do?
Definition
displays contexts that reference a specific variable. Only displays contexts relevant to the heirarchy level you are at.
Term
How can you disable command completion?
Definition
Set Cli complete-on-space off
Term
What does the "Run" command do?
Definition
Allows operational mode commands when in configuration.
Term
What are the maximum number of rollback configurations by default?
Definition
Fifty. 0-49
Term
What is the effect of "configure exclusive"
Definition
Only allows a single user to edit the configuration. Uncommitted changes will always be discarded when command is used.
Term
In Private Configuration, what happens if two users make competing changes? The same change?
Definition
If the changes are different, the first users commit will succeed, the second user will get a warning. If the changes are the same, the second commit will fail with an error message.
Term
What causes the "configure private" command to become automated?
Definition
Chassis clustering in effect.
Term
What is an easy way to differentiate configuration files and terminating statements?
Definition
Config files use {}
Terminating statements use ;
Term
How is FTP enabled?
Definition
Issuing "Set FTP" in configuration under "system services"
Term
What command acts like "Undo" or "remove"?
Definition
Delete, may be used with wildcard.
Term
What does the "deactivate" command do?
Definition
Causes part of a configuration to be ignored, but not deleted.
Term
What command is good for reordering firewall filters?
Definition
Insert
Term
What command ads a comment to a configuration statement?
Definition
annotate
Term
Where can the commit command be issued?
Definition
Anywhere, unless in configure private, in which case it must be issued at "top"
Term
What command is good for committing on devices with multiple REs?
Definition
Commit synchronize and Set System Commit Synchronize
Term
How can a candidate configuration syntax be checked before commiting?
Definition
Issue "Commit Check"
Term
What is a good way to check for logical errors when commiting?
Definition
Issue "commit confirmed X", which causes a rollback to happen if not confirmed within X minutes, X default being 10.
Term
How can you schedule, view, and clear commits?
Definition
the "commit at XXXX", "show system commit", and "clear system commit" commands.
Term
How can you compare candidate and active configs?
Definition
show | compare
Term
How can you compare active and historical configs?
Definition
show config | compare (filename/rollback X)
Term
How can you compare arbitrary files?
Definition
file compare files (file 1) (file 2)
Term
How can you restore a previous config?
Definition
Issue "Rollback n"
Term
How can you change default number of rollbacks?
Definition
"set max-configurations-on-flash ?" to determine max configs and set limit.
Term
Where can the save command be issued?
Definition
anywhere in config mode, but only saves from current heirarchy down. saves to users working directory by default (ie: var/home/nancy)
Term
What modes exist within the Junos OS?
Definition
Operational, Config, and the UnixBSD shell
Term
What keystrokes complete commands and user defined variables?
Definition
Space completes commands, Tab completes commands and user defined variables.
Term
What command returns to the top of the hierarchy quickest?
Definition
"top"
Term
What command displays differences between candidate and active configs?
Definition
Show | Compare
Term
When is syslog enabled by default?
Definition
All factory-default configs have syslogging enabled.
Term
What are the basics of factory default configurations?
Definition
Include syslog, allow access through root with no password, contain extra parameters that are platform dependant.
Term
What command loads a factory default config?
Definition
"Load factory-default"
Term
What must be done before a change to a factory default configuration can be commited?
Definition
Root authentication must be configured with "set root-authentication plain-text-password"
Term
What must be done if a configured device running Junos OS loses power?
Definition
Nothing, it will power on by itself when power is restored?
Term
What should be done before shutting off power to a Junos OS device?
Definition
The command "request system halt" should be issued. You may need to ammend "both-routing-engines" or "all-members" depending on network and devices. Failure to issue command may leave device unable to boot.
Term
What are the main configurations of an Initial Configuration?
Definition
Set root password
Hostname
System time
Remote access protocols (ftp, telnet, ssh, etc)
Management interface and static route for management traffic.
Term
What are the password restrictions?
Definition
All passwords must be 6 characters minimum and include a change of case, digits, or punctuation.
Term
What does the "Amnesiac" hostname indicate?
Definition
A factory-default configuration
Term
Under what circumstances does junos display a password in plain text?
Definition
Junos will NEVER display a plain text password.
Term
What command sets the time zone and current date?
Definition
"set time-zone America/Los_angeles"
"RUN set date YYYYMMDDHHMM.SS"
Term
What is the default timeout for an individual CLI session?
Definition
A cli session never times out by default.
Set a timeout with the "set cli idle_timeout XX" command, with X being between 0 and 100,000 minutes.
Term
What command sets the login message?
Definition
"set login message "insert login message here" "
Term
What is recommend practice for setting a management interface?
Definition
Be as specific as possible. The "no-readvertise" command marks the route as ineligible for routing updates.
Term
What static routes are set when junos devices boots?
Definition
Junos devices do not boot with the routing protocol process running. Because static routes require it to be running, junos boots with NO static or default routes.
A backup router must be configured to ensure the device is reachable if the routing protocol process fails to start.
Term
How are backup routers configured?
Definition
at [edit system], issue the "backup router" statement.
Term
What is the purpose of a rescue config and how is it set up?
Definition
A rescue config is a special form of rollback defined by the user. It is a known-good configuration that is used in case of catastrophic screw-ups.

issue the "request system configuration rescue save" command to create the rescue config. Access it with "rollback rescue"
Term
What is a multifield classifier
Definition
A firewall filters match conditions
Term
How are interfaces named?
Definition
Interface media type-Linecard#/PICslot #/Port #
Term
Which Junos OS internal interfaces are configurable?
Definition
No internal interfaces are configurable. They consist of gre, mtun, ipap, and tap.
Term
In the policer, how are max bandwith and burst size measure?
Definition
Max bandwith is bits, burst size is bytes.
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