Theolious Monk

3 things

1 Coined cocked hands strait fingers;

2. solos used variation theme used and changed throughout

3. composed pieces as a whole instead of lines (parker)

Why Musicians Wanted Bop:

6 reasons

1. young looking for experimentation after swing

2. extended solos

3. reflective of race riots

4. self expression in solos

5. reaction to swing (first bop players played in both swing and bop)

6. keep less talented (white) musicians out; bring it back to the black aftrican american roots

Bop and Swing Differences

5 differences

1. bop fewer band members

2. bop for listening not for dancing

3. bop faster; more technical

4. bop jagged

5. more improve; more solos

*represented a change in jazz and audience reaction

1. stretch harmonic boudnaries (Tritones)

2.chord extensions 9,11,13 (subbing more complex chords from well known)

3. non-symetrical phrasing (Acrss bar lines)

4. fast tempos; virtuosic

5. accented "and" of of the beats

6. more doublt time

7. ensemble passage in unison; still homophonic

8. head solo head form - heach chorus buildon same chords as the head 32 bar aaba or 12 blue. (aasoloa)

Rhythm section in Bop

2 characteristics

1. didn't play strait time

2. bass (bomb)/snare for shots/accents/punctuation

guitar in bop

3 characteristisc

1. now amplified

2. played more melodic

3. solos virtuosic

Piano in Bop

1

2 a

2 b

1. syncopated punctuations lcoked hand

2. soloed with long flueid melody and chordal punctuation 

walking bass

2 characteristics

1. more melodic, not just arpegiation more chose of notes

2. walking: keeping time steady pulse no change from swing

1. percussion

2. piano

3. guitar

4. bass

MORE FREEDOM in playing

CHanges in Bop in 40's 50's

2 changes

1. simplifying into hard bop

2. expanding the orchestra (stand kenton and dizzy)

1. showmanship/stage presence

2. disipline (gallespie) no show (parker)

3. natural abilities (parker heard in head instinctive) gillespie praticed/learned/trained

4. meloides G- Virtuosic P- 9 11 13ths

5 dissonant - G- dissonant unemphasized notes P- main melodic notes  dissonant

5. harmonies g- complex p- ?

Caude Thrornhill

Shared group members with ____

1. big band

2. orchestral

3. blending

4. ballands slow melodic

5 singer/intrument featrued

6. little or no vibrato

7 addition of horns

MILES DAVIS BAND

Comparisons of Bop to Cool

10 differences

1. pace b- fast c- slow

2.  tempo b- choppy c- breezy

3. tones b- sharp c- smooth

4. music b- busy c-calming

5. virtuosic b- more c- less

6. melosdic b- based on chords under c- melody more improtant; chords under not

7. direction  b- vertical c- horiontal

8 freedom b-not c-freedom of form

9 composition b- not c- important

10 attack b- right into c- softer

Cool

8 facts other then differneces from bop

1 no walking bass

 2 lester young played before its time 

3 popularized  by miles davis "cool album" 

4 reaction to bop

5 compolsition (most) and ensemble

6. larger more free forms

7. softer attack

8. middle register not as high

flute

flugal horn

french horn

chello

tuba

Recording Ban of 1940s affect jazz

2 things

- prevented dissemination to country and other musiciions

- helped bop be recorded in later years bc when the small label decca gave int ot he demands it opened the door for inddependent lable that specialized in jazz like blue note nad savoy

3 precursers people to cool jazz

bix beiderbecke

lester young

ellington

1. miles davis

2. pop cool style

3. horn tuba tpt tbn alto bari piano bass drums

4. homogenous orchstral sound

5. "antivirtuosity"

West Coast Style

1. where

2. why

3. characteristics 4

4. mainstream?

1. la lighthouse

2. biggest impact on cool

3 softer, slower, less jarring, arrangements

4. movie soundtracks

1. dave brubecck

2. gerry mulligan played miles davis/claude thornhill

3. chet baker opposite dizzy (mellow, slow, middle)

4. stan getz 4 piece quartet soft wshipy tone

stand kenton combined swing/bop/cool

39 piece

contempoaray classical muisc (atonal modernists wrk)