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Japanese Culture
Chapter 3 Study Guide
36
Language - Japanese
Not Applicable
09/26/2009

Additional Language - Japanese Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
fit, proper
Definition
In Japan, the early period is particularly interesting because mothers and other caretakers of small children are quite assiduous in their efforts to train children in the way the regard as ___ and ______ to do things.
Term
adult's
Definition
Whose responsibility is it to mould the smill children's soul?
Term
inside, outside
Definition
Uchi and soto translate roughly as ______ and _______ respectively.
Term
dirt, cleanliness
Definition
The importance of thise distinction (uchi and soto) and its association with ____ and ___________ is illustrated by looking at the ways it is used in training small children.
Term
uchi, soto, clean inside, dirty outside
Definition
First of all, ____ and ____ are associated with the _____ ______ of the house and the _____ _______ world, respectively.
Term
remove shoes
Definition
What does a Japanese person have to do in the entrance hall of the house?
Term
Change their shoes
Definition
What do small children learn when they go in and out of the house?
Term
public behavior, one's real feelings
Definition
Tatemae is ______ ________ and honne is ____ ____ ________.
Term
tatemae, harmony
Definition
The conscious awareness of different sorts of _______ behavior is learnt only gradually, and it is associated with the emphasis placed on another important aspect of Japanese social relations, namely _______.
Term
harmony
Definition
The conocern of adults to create a secure and attentive environment for a small child is part of this wider emphasis in in Japanese society on _______ in social relations.
Term
hierarchy, reciprocity
Definition
What are the two important principles of harmony?
Term
Do as you would be done by.
Definition
What is the principle of reciprocity?
Term
relative, older, younger
Definition
Children are made aware of their ________ ages from a very early stage, and in case of dispute, an _____ child is encouraged to give in to a _______ child.
Term
hierarchical, polite language
Definition
The ____________ disctinctions within a house are sometimes thought appropriate ones to emphasize teaching a child to use ______ ________.
Term
hierarchy, harmony
Definition
The general principle of using ________ as a means of trying to achieve _______ is widespread.
Term
group life
Definition
The kindergarten or day nursery introduces children to _____ ____ in preparation for school.
Term
hierarchical, equality
Definition
In contrast to the bsically ____________ relations found in the home and neighborhood, when children enter kindergarten the emphasis within the class is on the essential ________ of members of the group.
Term
uniform, alike
Definition
The children may wear _______, or at least smocks, aprons or badges to make them _____, and they have identical sets of equipment for their activities.
Term
friends
Definition
The other children in class are all referred to as _______.
Term
equal, equality
Definition
Members of the class are regarded as symbolically _____, and this ________ is expressed in several ways.
Term
duties, privilages
Definition
______ and __________, for example, are shared out equally by means of a rota system.
Term
inherent
Definition
As will be seen elsewhere in Japanese society, apparent hierarchy is often contextual rather than based on any ________ differences in status.
Term
happy, strange, peculiar
Definition
Children are expected to be _____, and anyone who is not, like the crying child, is classed as _______ or ________.
Term
ignored
Definition
A child who shows reluctance to participate is encouraged to join in, but, if it refuses, it will simply be _______ as the teacher goes about the business making life fun for all the other children.
Term
pressure. peer
Definition
Teachers also take advantage of the propensity of children to impose rules upon themselves, allowing much of the discipline of the group to be generated by the ________ of the ____ group.
Term
whole, acceptable
Definition
Teachers also appeal to the _____ class when pointing out the recalcitrant behavior of one of their number, asking whether such behavior is __________, and if not, what kind of behavior is.
Term
whole
Definition
The personalized collective term mina-san is used to address and refer to the _____ group and its needs, and an individual whose behavior is detriment of mina-san is made to feel most uncomfortable.
Term
individual, glory
Definition
The annual sports day usually emphasizes cooperation over __________ competition, and children are encouraged to exert themselves for the sake of the class, or the area in which they live, rather than for their own _____.
Term
cooperation, individual
Definition
Stories and plays presented to or put on by the children also tend to emphsise the advantages of ___________ over __________ endeavour.
Term
cooperation
Definition
Television programs for children often reiterate this theme, as a single hero tries unsuccessfully to defeat the monster, or other alien force, until he gains the ___________ of othe victims of the danger.
Term
on his own
Definition
Anthropologist Tom Gill compares the way television programs surround Ultraman with brothers and other family relatives on whom he can rely on his quest to defeat monsters, with the American character Superman, who always acts __ ___ ___.
Term
appropriate
Definition
By understanding their own needs they are thought to be able to understand the needs of others, and so to work out ___________ behavior in any situation.
Term
self-control
Definition
A child will gradually learn to exercise ____ _______ in the interest of appropriate social relations.
Term
collective, self-interest
Definition
An individual child still learns to enjoy the advantages of its new identity as a member of the __________ group in preschool establishments, and it sees that it is in fact in its own interest in certain circumstances to put ____ ________ second.
Term
individual, company
Definition
The success of a company, for example, is dependent on the cooperation of its __________ members and the success of the members is then presented as directly dependent on the success of the _______ to which they belong.
Term
support, important
Definition
The parents of small hildren recieve a great deal of _______ and information about their role in Japan, and this is considered to be an _________ time to mould a child for future life.
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