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IT 371
Chapter 10
18
Business
Undergraduate 3
05/10/2011

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Term
Project
Definition
A series of related jobs usually directed toward some major output and requiring a significant period of time to perform.
Term
Project management
Definition
Planning, directing, and controlling resources (people, equipment, material) to meet the technical, cost, and time constraints of a project.
Term
Pure project
Definition
A structure for organizing a project where a self-contained team works full time on the project.
Term
Functional project
Definition
A structure where team members are assigned from the functional units of the organization. The team members remain a part of their functional units and typically are not dedicated to the project.
Term
Matrix project
Definition
A structure that blends the functional and pure project structures. Each project uses people from different functional areas. A dedicated project manager decides what tasks need to be performed and when, but the functional managers control which people to use.
Term
Project milestone
Definition
A specific event in a project.
Term
Work breakdown structure
Definition
The hierarchy of project tasks, subtasks, and work packages.
Term
Activities
Definition
Pieces of work within a project that consume time. The completion of all the activities of a project marks the end of the project.
Term
Gantt chart
Definition
Shows in a graphic manner the amount of time involved and the sequence in which activities can be performed. Often referred to as a bar chart.
Term
Earned value management
Definition
Technique that combines measures of scope, schedule, and cost for evaluating project progress.
Term
Critical path
Definition
The sequence of activities in a project that forms the longest chain in terms of their time to complete. This path contains zero slack time. It is possible for there to be multiple critical paths in a project. Techniques used to find the critical path are called CPM or Critical Path Method techniques.
Term
Immediate predecessor
Definition
Activity that needs to be completed immediately before another activity.
Term
Slack time
Definition
The time that an activity can be delayed; the difference between the late and early start times of an activity.
Term
Early start schedule
Definition
A project schedule that lists all activities by their early start times.
Term
Late start schedule
Definition
A project schedule that lists all activities by their late start times. This schedule may create savings by postponing purchases of material and other costs associated with the project.
Term
TimeĀ–cost models
Definition
Extension of the critical path models that considers the trade-off between the time required to complete an activity and cost. This is often referred to as "crashing" the project.
Term
statement of work (SOW)
Definition
may be a written description of the objectives to be achieved, with brief statement of the work to be done and a proposed schedule specifying the start and completion dates. It also could contain performance measures in terms of budge and completion steps (milestones) and the written reports to be supplid
Term
work package
Definition
a group of activities combined to be assignable to a single organizational unit
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