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IO Psych Chapter 13
Chapter 13: Groups and Teams at Work
21
Psychology
Undergraduate 4
05/15/2012

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
group
Definition
collection or set of individuals who interact with and depend on each other
Term
team
Definition
specific type of group that is assembled to accomplish a specific goal as a unit
Term
examples of teams
Definition

quality circles

cross-functional teams

project teams

self-managing work teams

management teams

virtual teams

global teams

Term
forming
Definition
period of orientation, getting acquanted, defining roles
Term
storming
Definition
disagreement, tension, competition, conflicts emerge
Term
norming
Definition
conflicts are resolved, team harmony/unity emerge
Term
performing
Definition
focus on cooperation, problem solving, accomplishing team's assigned task
Term
steiner's model
Definition
group productivity = group potential - process loss + process gain
Term
social facilitation
Definition

presence of others:

 

enhances performance on simple or well-learned tasks

 

reduces performance on complex or novel tasks

Term
social loafing
Definition
tendency for individuals to exert less effort on a collective task than on an individual task
Term
social anxiety
Definition

tendency to avoid doing something in a group tha one would otherwise do individually

 

e.g. help-seeking, admitting mistakes, contributing key information to a discussion

Term
group cohesiveness leads to process loss when
Definition

cohesiveness is low

cohesiveness is high, quick agreement is encourage and dissent discouraged

cohesiveness is high and group norms favor irresponsible behavior or low performance standards

Term

group polarization

 

leads to process loss when

Definition

tendency for group that initially agrees to agree even more strongly in the preferred direction after discussion

 

discussion 'polarizes' members attitudes- risky/cautious shift

Term
group think
Definition

as group seeks conformity and unity, they sacrifice everything in order to maintain peace within the group, causing poor decision-making

 

overstimation of the group's power

closed-mindedness

pressure towards uniformity

Term
brainstorming
Definition

used to stimulate people to develop alternatives during the planning and decision-making process

 

 

quantity over quality

 

no evaluation or criticism

Term

brainstorming

 

advantages

Definition
  • reduces dependence on single authority figure
  • encourages open sharing of ideas
  • stimulates participation among members
  • provides individual safety in competitive group
  • maximzes output for a short period of time
  • tends to be enjoyable and stimulating
Term

brainstorming 

 

disadvantages

Definition

lack of closure

 

may cause dissatisfaction among participants

 

some members may still be intimidated

Term
nominal group technique
Definition

goal is to generate large number of creative potential solutions to a problem, evaluate these solutions, and rank them from most to least promising

 

members are physically present

Term

nominal group technique

 

4 steps

Definition
  • group members generate ideas in writing (individually)
  • sharing ideas (round-robin participation)
  • group evaluative discussion
  • ranking and voting

 

Term

nominal group technique

 

advantages

Definition

generates many high quality, creative ideas

participation is balanced across members

feelings of accomplishment and commitment

conforming influence is minimized

sense of closure; solution

superior to brainstorming

Term

nominal group technique

 

disadvantages

Definition

only succeeds if all members abide by the rules

 

high level of structure can reduce feelings of involvement and direct interaction

 

requires advanced planning

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