Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Intro
stats/biostats
19
Medical
Professional
08/23/2011

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
how is sensitivity defined?
Definition

true positives

true positives + false negatives

Term
how is specificity defined?
Definition

true negatives

true negatives + false positives

 
Term
how do you define incidence rate?
Definition

The number of people who have the disease over the number of people at risk for the disease.  Therefore, lung cancer amoung heavy smokers.

 

Differnent from prevalence bc prevalence would be among the population or a defined goup.

Term

calculate variance

 

calculate std. dev.

Definition

(sigma)(x-mean)^2

(n-1)

 

square root of variance

Term
what is a parameter?
Definition
a numberical propert of a population (i.e. population mean, population proportion)
Term
what is a statistic?
Definition
a quantity obtained from a sample corresponding to a parameter (i.e. sample mean and sample proportion)
Term
what are the properties and assumptions of a good sample size in reference to a confidence interval?
Definition

the sample size needs to be large >30 ppl

 

the sample data is normally distributed

Term
what is the confidence interval eq. for continuous data?
Definition

mean - 1.96(sd/sq(n)) < u < mean + 1.96(sd/sq(n))

 

the range should not include zero because this would suggest that there is no change and the data is not informative

Term

what is the confidence interval eq. for categorical data?

Definition

prevalence - 1.96*sq(p(1-p)/n) < u < prevalence + 1.96*sq(p(1-p)/n)

 

used for things like the PMS amoung nurses and factory workers.  use the number of nurses with PMS over the number of nurses as your prevalance

Term

what is the confidence interval eq. for odds ratio?

Definition

two parts

 

to calculate confidence interval of the LOG of OR:

Ln(OR) - 1.96sq(1/a+1/b+1/c+1/d)

Ln(OR) + 1.96sq(1/a+1/b+1/c+1/d)

 

to calculate confidence interval of OR

Exp(Ln(OR) - 1.96sq(1/a+1/b+1/c+1/d))

Exp(Ln(OR) + 1.96sq(1/a+1/b+1/c+1/d))

Term
define morbidity
Definition
Term
how to determine carrier status?
Definition
individual harbors the organism, but shows no seriological evidence or Ab response, but can still infect others
Term
endemic, epidemic, pandemic
Definition

habitually present but under control

 

a spike in incidence outside of normal environment

 

worldwide

Term
herd immunity
Definition

large portion of group is immune

 

the pathogen has to be transfered directly between hosts and cannot live outside the body (in water for instance)

 

the liklihood that a carrier will come into contact with someone who is susceptible is low

Term
define attack rate
Definition

number of people developing disease

number of people who were at risk

Term
define incidence
Definition

number of NEW cases in fixed amount of time

number of at risk persons in fixed amount of time

Term
can men get uterine cancer?
Definition
NO, dummy
Term
define prevalence
Definition

number of cases of a disease

number of people in defined population

 

prevalance can be point prevalance, period prevalance,  or cumulative prevalance

 

prevalance can be lowered by deaths by the disease or by a curing of the disease

 

it is not a measure of risk

Term
define mortality
Definition

number of death from a cause

number of people at risk at the midpoint of time

Supporting users have an ad free experience!