Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Intro to Derm
VM 610 Midterm
42
Veterinary Medicine
Professional
11/11/2012

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Functions of the Skin
Definition
enclosing barrier
environmental protection
allows motion
produces adnexal structures
temperature regulation
storage of water, electrolytes, vitamins, fats, carbs, protein
pigmentation
immunosurveillance
antimicrobial
sensory perception
secretion/excretion
vitamin D production
Term
Skin pH
Definition
pH gradient exists
upper stratum corneaum 7.0
upper granular layer 7.5
due to filaggrin breakdown products, amino acids, fatty acids, alpha hydroxy acids
Term
Cutaneous pH
Definition
alkalinization factors include CO2 and bicarbonate from sweat
excitement can increase pH
Term
Skin pH and Disease
Definition
relatively alkaline pH of dog skin thought to play a role in susceptibility of dogs to skin infections
Term
Epidermal Layers of Skin
Definition
(outside to inside)
stratum corneum
stratum lucidum (only on foot pads)
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basale
Term
Dermal Layers of the Skin
Definition
made of fibers, ground substance, fibroblasts, mast cells, histiocytes
glands of the skin, claws, hair
Term
Thickest Skin on Dog
Definition
forehead, dorsal neck, dorsal trunk, rump, tail base
Term
Thinnest Skin on Dog
Definition
pinnae, axillary region, inguinal region, perianal region
Term
Melanocytes
Definition
originate from neural crest
located in stratum basale and spread tentacles into outer layers of the skin
one for every 10-20 kertinocytes
coloration, photoprotection, scavenging cytotoxical radicals, inflammation
constituative pigmentation determined by genetics
facultative pigmenttion determined by stimuli
Term
Eumelanin
Definition
brown/black pigment
Term
Pheomelanin
Definition
yellow/red pigment
Term
Agouti
Definition
white hairs at the tip, brown/black shaft, and yellow or red brown base
Term
Melanin Formation
Definition
UV light activates tyrosinase
Tyrosinase turns tyrosine into melanin
Term
Primary Hairs
Definition
sebaceous and sweat glands
arrector pili muscle
Term
Secondary Hairs
Definition
only have sebaceous gland
emerge through same pore
Term
Hair Cycle
Definition
anagen: growth phase
catagen: transition phase
telogen: resting phase
Term
Primary Lesions
Definition
provide significant diagnostic information
develop as a result of underlying disease
Term
Macule
Definition
primary lesion
small changes in coloration
less than 1 cm in diameter
hyperpigmentation or red or loss of pigmentation
Term
Patch
Definition
primary lesion
changes in coloration larger than 1 cm in diameter
Term
Wheal
Definition
primary lesion
flat topped circular raise area of skin
associated with allergic reactions
Term
Urticaria
Definition
primary lesion
larger areas of subcutaneous edema
associated with allergic reactions
Term
Papule
Definition
primary lesion
small red raised lesion
associated with early inflammatory stage or allergic reaction
bites or developing pustule
Term
Pustule
Definition
primary lesion
associated with bacterial infection
or immune mediated diseases
located within stratum corneum within epidermis
accumulation of neutrophils or eosinophils
Term
Vesiscle/Bulla
Definition
primary lesion
located within epidermis
arge fluid filled structure
vesicle is small blister less than 1 cm
bulla is larger than 1 cm
associated with viral and immune mediated diseses
Term
Nodules
Definition
primary lesion
localized circumscribed area
associated with infiltration of cells in epidermis
large and hard
neoplastic or inflammatory cells
Term
Tumor
Definition
primary lesion
neoplastic cells that obliterate normal structure of skin
Term
Secondary Lesions
Definition
may develop from primary lesion or result from self-trauma
Term
Alopecia
Definition
secondary lesion
loss of hair
Term
Scale
Definition
secondary lesion
dandruff
accumulation of stratum corneum on skin surface
dry skin, scratching, infection
Term
Epidermal Collaret
Definition
secondary lesion
circular scales
footprint of ruptured vesicle or pustule
Term
Crust
Definition
secondary lesion
accumulation of exfoliated stratum corneum cells and inflammatory cells
Term
Furunculosis
Definition
secondary lesion
draining tracts associated with deeper skin infections into the dermis
associated with ruptured hair follicles
Term
Abscess
Definition
secondary lesion
neutrophils and macrophages
penetrating injury
Term
Hyperpigmentation
Definition
secondary lesion
post inflammatory
associated with erythema
Term
Excoriation
Definition
secondary lesion
scratches
caused by the animal
usually jsut on epidermis
Term
Fissure
Definition
secondary lesion
goes through epidermis and dermis
Term
Erosion/ulcer
Definition
secondary lesion
erosion are superficial
ulcer is loss of epidermis and dermis
Term
Scar
Definition
secondary lesion
skin is healed with fibrous connective tisuse
epidermis is not regenerated
Term
Lichenification
Definition
secondary lesion
whole epidermis is thicker than normal
hyperplasia of those upper laters
exaggerated skin markings
stratum spinosum, basal, corneum are thick
Term
Hyperkeratosis
Definition
secondary lesion
thickening of just stratum corneum
Term
Necrosis
Definition
secondary lesion
sloughing of dead tissue
Term
Comedo
Definition
secondary lesion
hair follicle that has lost hair shaft and is plugged with secretions and exfoliated skin
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