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Intro to Attachment
AQA Psych B Attachment Set 1
11
Psychology
12th Grade
03/25/2015

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Cards

Term
Definition of Attachment
Definition
A long, enduring, emotionally meaningful tie to a particular individual. -Schaffer (1996)
Term
Why are attachments important?

(four things)
Definition
They can influence social relationships in later life, intellectual development, behaviour and mental health.
Term
What are the ways attachment is shown? (Maccoby, 1980)
(four ways)
Definition
1-Proximity seeking (child wants to be close to adult and uses them as place of safety. 'Safe base'.)
2-Separation distress
3-Pleasure on reunion
4-Stranger fear
Term
Function of Attachment
What do behaviourists believe attachment is a result of?
Definition
Operant and classical conditioning
Term
With classical conditioning, what is the unconditioned stimulus?
Definition
Food. The theory is sometimes referred to as the 'cupboard love' theory.
Term
With classical conditioning, how does the child form an attachment with the food provider?
Definition
The food is the primary reinforcer (providing pleasure) and the food provider is the secondary reinforcer. Eventually, the secondary reinforcer becomes the source of reward.
Term
How does Harlow's study go against the behaviourist theory of attachment?
Definition
The monkeys preferred the cloth covered surrogate mother to the wire mother. Only the wire mother had a source of food.
Term
What does the evolutionary theory suggest the reasons for attachment are?
(two things)
Definition
Attachment is innate and adaptive.
Attachment behaviours promote survival.
Term
What are the four main assumptions for Bowlby's evolutionary theory of attachment?
Definition
-Infants are born with social releasers -Infants form one special attachment (monotropy hypothesis) to the person who responds most sensitively to them. -There is a critical period during which attachment should take place -The infant develops an internal working model about relationships based on their experience of attachment.
Term
What are social releasers?
Definition
Innate behaviours a baby performs to make sure it is looked after. They include crying to get attention and smiling to 'reward' their carer.
Term
In the evolutionary theory, when is the critical period an attachment must form in?
Definition
7 months to 2.5 years old.
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