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Intro to PDA Test 1
Material over Test 1
24
Pharmacology
Professional
01/16/2011

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Allows specific substance to move through water-filled pore. Most plasma membranes include specific channels for several common ions
Definition
A Channel
Term
Transports specific substances across membrane by changing shape. For example, amino acids, needed to synthesize new protiens, enter body cells
Definition
Transporters
Term
Recognize specific ligand and alters cells function in some way. For example, antiduretic hormone binds to receptors in the kidneys and changes the water permeability of certain plasma membranes
Definition
Receptors
Term
Diffusion through the lipid bilayer, diffusion through a channel and facilitated diffusion are all examples of
Definition
Passive Transport
Term
Active Transport requires?
Definition
ATP (energy)
Term
The cell bilayered membrane is permeable to ?
Definition
small hydrophobic molecule as as gases, and small uncharged polar molecules such as ethanol water and urea.
Term
The cell bilayered membrane is impermeable to ?
Definition
Ions (K, Mg2, Ca, Cl) and large polar molecules such as glucose, fructose, amino acids, ATP and nucleic acids.
Term

Carrier Proteins vs Channel Proteins:

specific binding site for solute, conformational change, transport rate is SLOW

 

Definition
Carrier Proteins
Term

Carrier Proteins vs Channel Proteins:

selective in respect to size and charge, when open, ions and H2O can slip through, transport rate is FAST

Definition
Channel Proteins
Term
Substance binds to specific transporter proteins and this diffusion occurs down the concentration gradient only
Definition
Facilitated Diffusion
Term
what are transmembrane proteins that function as water channels?
Definition
aquaporins
Term
Mechanism of drug action the effect of the druf at the receptor site
Definition
Pharmacodynamics
Term
lower concentration of water outside of cell results in? and this is what type of solution?
Definition
crenation and hypertonic solution
Term
Study of drug action
Definition
Pharmacology
Term
examines druf absorption, distribution, metabolism & excretion of drugs
Definition
pharmacokinetics
Term
study of harmful effects or side effects of compounds on organisms
Definition
toxicology
Term
in 1805 the first chemically pure drug was known as
Definition
morphine
Term
explain the difference between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
Definition
kinetics what the BODY does to the drug and dynamics is what the DRUG does to the body.
Term
What involves two drugs that act in two distinct manner but interact in such a way that they reduce each other's effectiveness in the body
Definition
physiological antagonism
Term
What refers to two agents who outcome equals the sum of the two individual effects
Definition
additive
Term
what refers to the situation in which the combination of two drugs produces effects that are greater than the sum of their individual effects
Definition
potentiation interactions
Term
This is defined as the development of tolerance to one drug that diminish the effectiveness of a second drug
Definition
cross-tolerance
Term
this is sometimes called reverse tolerance, is the enhancement of particular drug effest following repeated administration of the same does of drug
Definition
sensitization
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