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Intro to Organic Chemistry
Chapters 1-5 terms
14
Chemistry
Undergraduate 2
11/02/2008

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Cards

Term
Covalent Bond
Definition

form of chemical bonding that is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms, or between atoms and other covalent bonds

 

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Term
Valence electrons
Definition

are the electrons contained in the outermost, or valence, electron shell of an atom.

 

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Term
Proton
Definition

is a small particle with an electric charge of +1 elementary charge. It is often found as a subatomic particle in the nucleus of an atom.

 

 

Term
Neutron
Definition
a subatomic particle with no net electric charge and a mass slightly larger than that of a proton.
Term
Electron
Definition
an elementary subatomic particle that carries a negative electrical charge.
Term
Hydrogen Ion
Definition

A positively charged hydrogen that occurs from the loss of its sole electron.

Term
Electronegativity
Definition
The tendency of an atom to pull bonding electons towards itself.
Term
Polar Covalent Bond
Definition
A covalent bond between atoms of different electronegativities.
Term
Lewis Structure
Definition

A representation of bonds and atoms in which the vailence electrons are represented as dots.

 

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Term

Nonbonding electrons/

Lone-pair electrons

Definition
Electrons not used in bonding.
Term
Formal Charge
Definition

A positive or negative charge assigned to an atom.

 

Formal charge=number of vailence electrons-(number of lone-pair electrons + 1/2 the # of bonding electrons)

Term
Kekule Structures
Definition

The two bonding electrons are drawn as lines and the lone-pair electrons are usually left out entirely.

 

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