Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Intro to Computer Hardware
CIT211
134
Computer Science
Undergraduate 3
02/09/2011

Additional Computer Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
BIOS
Definition
Data and instructions are stored on special ROM (read-only memory) chips on the board and are called the ____.
Term
network
Definition
The ____ card provides a port for a network cable to connect the PC to a network.
Term
hardware
Definition
In the world of computers, the term ____ refers to the computer's physical components such as the monitor, keyboard, motherboard, and hard drive.
Term
video
Definition
The ____ card, also called the graphics card, provide one or more ports for a monitor.
Term
flash
Definition
USB ____ drives are compact, easy to use, and currently hold up to 64Mb of data.
Term
hard
Definition
The printer produces output on paper, often called ____ copy.
Term
input, processing, storage, and output
Definition
To perform a computing task, software uses hardware for four basic functions: ____.
Term
false
Definition
A serial port transmits data in parallel and is most often used by an older printer.
Term
hard
Definition
Most ____ drives consist of a sealed case containing platters or disks that rotate at a high speed.
Term
CMOS RAM
Definition
Motherboard settings are stored in a small amount of RAM located on the firmware chip and are called ____.
Term
spacers
Definition
For an older motherboard, instead of screws you’ll see ____ that keep the board from resting directly on the bottom of the computer case.
Term
BTX
Definition
The ____ form factor was designed by Intel in 2003 for flexibility and can be used by everything from large tower systems to those ultrasmall-systems that sit under a monitor.
Term
true
Definition
The electrical requirements for motherboards change over time as new technologies make additional demands for power.
Term
grounded to
Definition
The motherboard, like all other components inside the computer case, should be ____ the chassis.
Term
joule
Definition
One ____ is the work or energy required to produce one watt of power in one second.
Term
tower
Definition
A ____ case sits upright on the floor or a desk and can be as high as two feet and has room for several drives.
Term
false
Definition
MicroATX increases the total cost of a system by increasing the number of expansion slots on the motherboard.
Term
P1
Definition
The first ATX power supplies and motherboards used a single power connector called the ____ connector that had 20 pins.
Term
three
Definition
A system might have up to ____ types of ribbon cables.
Term
false
Definition
The power supply and monitor contain enough power to give you a strong shock except when they are unplugged.
Term
flashing
Definition
The process of upgrading or refreshing the ROM BIOS chip is called ____ BIOS.
Term
false
Definition
The motherboard configuration stored in BIOS setup needs to be changed when a new floppy drive is installed.
Term
true
Definition
Today’s PCs have four or five buses, each with different speeds, access methods, and protocols.
Term
ESD
Definition
With any installation, remember the importance of using a ground strap (ground bracelet) to ground yourself when working inside a computer case to protect components against ____.
Term
boot
Definition
At the beginning of the boot drive (usually drive C) is the OS ____ record.
Term
false
Definition
PCIe is backward compatible
Term
South Bridge
Definition
The slower end of the hub in the Intel i800 chipsets, called the ____, contains the I/O controller hub.
Term
hard
Definition
A(n) ____ boot involves turning on the power with the on/off switch.
Term
CMOS RAM
Definition
The most reliable way to restore settings is to keep a written record of all the changes you make to ____.
Term
power
Definition
The ____ menu in BIOS setup allows you to configure automatic power-saving features for your system, such as suspend mode or a sleep state.
Term
the Core, the Pentium, the Celeron, and the Atom families
Definition
Intel’s current families of processors for the desktop include four major groups: ____.
Term
jumper group
Definition
If a power-on password has been forgotten, you can use the BIOS ____ to reset the password.
Term
False
Definition
Electronic devices are more likely to fail than fans.
Term
500
Definition
The peltier’s top surface can be as hot as ____ degrees F.
Term
True
Definition
Most cases have one or more positions on the case to hold a case fan to help draw air out of the case.
Term
45
Definition
The peltier’s top surface can be as cool as ____ degrees F.
Term
True
Definition
An overheated system can cause intermittent problems or cause the system to reboot or refuse to boot.
Term
multiprocessor platform
Definition
Installing more than one processor on a motherboard creates a ____.
Term
38
Definition
The temperature inside the case should not exceed ____ degrees C.
Term
Centrino
Definition
Using the ____ technology, the Intel processor, chipset, and wireless network adapter are all interconnected as a unit, which improves laptop performance.
Term
DIMMs
Definition
RAM on motherboards today is stored on ____.
Term
DIMM
Definition
A(n) ____ gets its name because it has independent pins on opposite sides of the module.
Term
Random access
Definition
____ memory temporarily holds data and instructions as the CPU processes them.
Term
DIMM
Definition
For ____ modules, small clips latch into place on each side of the slot to hold the module in the slot.
Term
Insufficient memory
Definition
When Windows does not have adequate memory to perform an operation, it gives a(n) “____” error or it slows down to a painful crawl.
Term
nanoseconds
Definition
SIMMs are rated by speed, measured in ____.
Term
false
Definition
Systems using RIMMs are still being made.
Term
RAM
Definition
To upgrade memory means to add more ____ to a computer
Term
General Protection Fault
Definition
In Windows, memory errors can cause frequent ____ errors.
Term
DRAM and SRAM
Definition
RAM is divided into two categories, ____.
Term
true
Definition
A simple problem of replacing a bad memory module can become a complex research project if you don’t have a good grasp of current and past memory technologies.
Term
RIMM
Definition
A Rambus memory module is called a(n) ____.
Term
false
Definition
Mixing unbuffered memory with buffered or registered memory will work but is not recommended.
Term
re-marked
Definition
If the chip’s surface is dull or matted, or you can scratch off the markings with a fingernail or knife, suspect that the chip has been ____.
Term
notches
Definition
When installing the RIMM, ____ on the edge of the RIMM module will help you orient it correctly in the socket.
Term
SRAM
Definition
____ is used for a memory cache and is contained within the processor housing.
Term
ECC
Definition
DIMMs intended to be used in servers must be extremely reliable and use an error-checking technology called ____.
Term
SO-DIMM
Definition
Laptops use a smaller version of a DIMM called a(n) ____.
Term
component
Definition
In the table found in the motherboard manual, a chip on a RIMM module is called a ____.
Term
msinfo32
Definition
To use System Information, in the Vista Start Search box or the Windows XP Run box, type ____ and press Enter.
Term
zero
Definition
For RIMM modules, install the RIMMs beginning with bank ____.
Term
heat sinks
Definition
Higher-quality memory modules have ____ installed to reduce heat and help the module last longer.
Term
Dynamic RAM
Definition
____ loses its data rapidly, and the memory controller must refresh it several thousand times a second.
Term
S.M.A.R.T.
Definition
____ is a system BIOS feature that monitors hard drive performance, disk spin up time, temperature, distance between the head and the disk, and other mechanical activities of the drive in order to predict when the drive is likely to fail
Term
high-level
Definition
During the ____ formatting process, you specify the size of the partition and what file system it will use.
Term
universal bay
Definition
If you are mounting a hard drive into a bay that is too large, a ____ kit can help you securely fit the drive into the bay.
Term
false
Definition
Solid state hard drives cost more and are less rugged than magnetic hard drives.
Term
DMA
Definition
____ transfers data directly from the drive to memory without involving the CPU.
Term
head
Definition
Each side, or surface, of one hard drive platter is called a ____.
Term
ReadyDrive
Definition
Windows Vista technology that supports a hybrid drive is called ____.
Term
80
Definition
The ____-conductor IDE cable has half the number of pins as it has wires.
Term
master
Definition
When using an 80-conductor cable-select cable, the drive nearest the motherboard is the ____.
Term
true
Definition
Almost all hard drives sold today for desktop computers are magnetic hard drives.
Term
false
Definition
A hard disk drive (HDD), most often called a hard drive, comes in two sizes for personal computers: the 1.8" size is used for laptop computers and the 2.5" size is used for desktops.
Term
firmware
Definition
____ on a circuit board inside the drive housing is responsible for writing and reading data to these tracks and sectors and for keeping track of where everything is stored on the drive.
Term
magnetic hard
Definition
A ____ drive has one, two, or more platters, or disks, that stack together and spin in unison inside a sealed metal housing that contains firmware to control reading and writing data to the drive and to communicate with the motherboard.
Term
sectors
Definition
The total number of ____ on the drive determines the drive capacity.
Term
read/write head
Definition
The top and bottom of each disk of a magnetic hard drive have a(n) ____ that moves across the disk surface as all the disks rotate on a spindle.
Term
spanning
Definition
With ____, two hard drives are configured as a single volume.
Term
DLT Tape
Definition
Which storage medium is typically used for large data backups of data?
Term
CD drive with IDE interface
Definition
Which media type is NOT hot-swappable?
Term
PATA and SATA
Definition
What interfaces are primarily for internal hard drives?
Term
Hard disk
Definition
You need a storage device that has a very large capacity, is fast, and is relatively cheap. Which type of device will best suit your needs?
Term
re-programmable memory
Definition
What method does an MMC card use for storing data?
Term
hard disk and floppy disk
Definition
What storage devices use magnetic film, disks, and platters for storing data?
Term
IDE/EIDE (ATAPI)
Definition
What is the most common CD-ROM interface on home and office computers?
Term
hard disk, floppy disk, tape drive
Definition
Name three magnetic storage devices:
Term
Lower power requirements and no moving parts
Definition
Name two advantages of solid-state storage compared to hard drive:
Term
faster data transfer speeds
Definition
Name an advantage of SATA over PATA:
Term
SCSI
Definition
What hard disk interface is typically used in high-performance desktops and servers?
Term
noninterlaced
Definition
A(n) ____ monitor (also called a progressive monitor) draws the entire screen in one pass.
Term
1394b
Definition
____ can use cables up to 100 meters (328 feet), and uses a 9-pin rectangular connector.
Term
LPT
Definition
The ____ assignments refer to the system resources a parallel port will use to manage a print job.
Term
true
Definition
SuperSpeed USB is about ten times faster than Hi-Speed USB and roughly five times faster than FireWire 800.
Term
device drivers
Definition
Problems with a device can sometimes be solved by updating the ____ or firmware.
Term
IRQ
Definition
BIOS manages ____ lines that are used by a device to hail the CPU asking for data to be processed, and you do not need to change this value.
Term
chip creep
Definition
Chips sometimes loosen because of temperature changes; this condition is called ____.
Term
function
Definition
For laptops, you can adjust the brightness of the display using ____ keys.
Term
false
Definition
Because USB devices are hot-swappable, it’s never a problem to plug or unplug a device while it is turned on.
Term
Device Manager
Definition
Devices and their device drivers are managed using ____.
Term
I/O controller
Definition
A serial port is provided by the motherboard or might be provided by an adapter card called a(n) ____ card.
Term
loop-back
Definition
A ____ plug is a tool used to test a serial, parallel, USB, network, or other port.
Term
true
Definition
USB is much easier to configure and faster than regular serial or parallel ports and uses higher-quality cabling.
Term
Energy Star
Definition
____ systems and peripherals have the U.S. Green Star, indicating that they satisfy certain energy-conserving standards of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
Term
dock
Definition
If you have an available eSATA external port, you can use a protective hard drive ____ that will house and protect a hard drive outside the computer case.
Term
touch screen
Definition
A ____ is an input device that uses a monitor or LCD panel as the backdrop for input options.
Term
isochronous
Definition
IEEE 1394 uses ____ data transfer, meaning that data is transferred continuously without breaks.
Term
BIOS
Definition
Ports on the motherboard can be disabled or enabled in ____ setup.
Term
IEEE 1394a
Definition
____ supports speeds up to 400 Mbps and is sometimes called FireWire 400.
Term
Interlaced
Definition
____ CRT monitors draw a screen by making two passes.
Term
false
Definition
An I/O device can be only be internal.
Term
Parallel ports have higher data transfer rates
Definition
Name an advantage of parallel ports over serial ports:
Term
Parallel
Definition
What type of printer connection would you connect to LPT:1?
Term
PS/2
Definition
Before USB what interface was used for the keyboard and mouse?
Term
SCSI and Parallel printer
Definition
Name two devices that use Centronics-type connectors:
Term
Serial ports can send data over longer distances
Definition
Name an advantage of serial ports over parallel ports:
Term
USB 2.0
Definition
Name the standard that provides for data transfer rates up to 480 Mbps with a maximum cable length of 5 meters.
Term
USB
Definition
Name the most common interface for peripheral devices:
Term
480 Mbps
Definition
What is the maximum data transfer speed for USB 2.0 devices?
Term
USB-compatible hub
Definition
Name a device with both Type A and Type B USB ports:
Term
4.5 meters
Definition
What is the max cable length of an IEEE 1394 device that uses 28-gauge wires?
Term
63
Definition
How many devices does a single IEEE 1394 bus support?
Term
400 Mbps
Definition
What is the max data transfer rate of an IEEE 1394 device?
Term
IEEE 1394
Definition
Which standard provides for data transfer rates up to 400 Mbps with a max cable length of 4.5 meters?
Term
KVM
Definition
What would you use to allow you to have one mouse and keyboard for two separate computers?
Term
Bar code reader
Definition
What device would allow you to take inventory at a retail store by reading the UPC symbols on products?
Term
touch screen and track ball
Definition
Name two input devices from the following list: 1. touch screen 2. hard disk 3. RAM 4. monitor 5. track ball
Term
rear
Definition

When installing an optical drive, for a PATA interface set the jumper on the ____ of the drive.

Term
JPEG
Definition
____ is a common compression standard for storing photos.
Term
MIDI
Definition
____ is a set of standards that are used to represent music in digital form.
Term
Pits
Definition
____ are recessed areas on the surface of an optical disc.
Term
1 GB
Definition
When burning a CD, DVD or BD, the hard drive needs some temporary holding space for the write process and should have at least ____ of free space.
Term
MP3
Definition
After the sound is recorded and digitized, many sound cards convert and compress the digitized sound to ____ format.
Term
4.7
Definition
A single-sided, single-layer DVD can hold ____ GB.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!