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Influenza
Pharmacotherapy Fall 2013 Exam 1
30
Pharmacology
Professional
09/16/2013

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Type A (70-80%)
Definition
16 hemaglutinin (H); 9 neuraminidase (N); moderate to severe illness
all age groups;humans and other animals
Term
Type B (20-30%)
Definition
milder epidemics (usually); humans only; primarily affects children; can put you in the hospital if susceptible
Term
Type C
Definition
rarely reported in humans, no epidemics or significant disease
Term
All A subtypes are found in
Definition
wild birds (waterfowl)
Term
half subtypes are found in
Definition
other animals
Term
only H1, H2 and H3 are
Definition
more efficiently transmitted among humans human to human
Term
antigenic drift
Definition
gradual mutation, may result in epidemic (widespread illness)
Term
antigenic shift
Definition
more precipitous genetic recombo of 2 different strains, occurs at unpredictable intervals (pandemic may result)
Term
components of pandemic
Definition
new influenza virus, animals are reservoir and infect a variety of hosts, efficiently transmitted between humans...need all three
Term
endemic
Definition
infection is maintained in population
Term
epidemic
Definition
outbreak; new cases of disease exceeding what is expected (given population, specific time period)
Term
pandemic
Definition
epidemic that is spreading through populations across large region/ worldwide
Term
influenza season; northern hemisphere
Definition
october to march (but can appear again in April-Sept)
Term
influenza season; Southern hemisphere
Definition
April-September
Term
influenza season; tropics
Definition
year-round
Term
primary spread of influenza
Definition
inhale droplets (sneezing, coughing, talking), up to 6 ft away
Term
minor spread of influenza
Definition
direct contact, indirect contact (possibly), stethoscope-hospital, computer keyboards, phones
Term
influenza goes to
Definition
upper respiratory tract and eyes
Term
viremia
Definition
rarely documented
Term
viral shedding
Definition
occurs in respiratory secretions for 5-10 days
Term
contagious
Definition
up to 5-7 days after symptoms begin (longer in children)
Term
systemic symptoms
Definition
due to body's immune reaction to virus
Term
replication in respiratory epithelium occurs
Definition
with subsequent destruction of cells
Term
time from infection to symptoms
Definition
2 days (range 1-4 days); abrupt onset
Term
some patients
Definition
have little/ no symptoms
Term
pneumonia
Definition
primary viral, secondary bacterial (staph and strep)
Term
Pediactrics
Definition
might also have sinusitis and otitus media concurrently
Term
neurological symptoms
Definition
reye syndrome, encephalitis, seizures
Term
serious complications
Definition
myocarditis and pericarditis
Term
worried about who?
Definition
children (<5 yrs esp. <2 yrs), pregnant, elderly (>65 yrs), chronic medical conditions
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