Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Inflammation
Week 3
16
Veterinary Medicine
Graduate
07/08/2015

Additional Veterinary Medicine Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
The cardinal signs of inflammation
Definition
Redness, Heat, Swelling, Pain, Loss of function
Term
Benefits of Inflammation
Definition
Dilution of pathogens, toxins
Killing/sequestering/degrading pathogens, foreign material, necrotic tissue, neoplastic cells
Providing wound healing factors
Restricting movement allowing time for repair
Increasing temperature to inhibit replication of pathogens
Term
Disadvantages of inflammation
Definition
Excessive and/or prolonged inflammatory response can be harmful
Term
Acute Inflammation
Definition
Vascular effects (dilation and increased permeability)
Recruitment of leukocytes
Term
Cell Derived Inflammatory Controls
Definition
Pre-formed mediators in secretory granules (Histamine and Seratonin)
Newly derived (Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, Cytokines)
Platelets, neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, mast cells
Term
Plasma Protein Derived Inflammatory Controls
Definition
Complement activation (C3a, C5a [anaphalatoxins], C3b, C5b-9)
Factor XII activation (Kinin system, coag/fibrinolysis system)
gen. made in Liver,
Term
Stimulation of Controls
Definition
Proteins of complement, kinin, and coagulation systems
Microbial products, necrotic material (PAMPs, DAMPs recognised by PRR)
Term
Histamines
Definition
Vasoactive amine
mostly in mast cells (also basophils, plts)
Effects: dilation of arterioles, increased permeability of venules
Released by: physical injury, Antibody-binding, Complement fragments, Neuropeptides, Cytokines
Term
Serotonin
Definition
Vasoactive amine
Effects similar to histamine
Mainly in platelets and neuroendocrine cells
Release stimulated by platelet aggregation
Term
Leukotrienes
Definition
eicosanoids
Derived from AA in cell membrane
Lipoxygenase pathway
Effects on: vasculature (permeability, constriction), chemotaxis, smooth muscle (bronchospasm)
Term
Prostaglandins
Definition
eicosanoids
Derived from AA in cell membrane
Cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway
Have effects on: vasculature (dialation), platelets, smooth muscle, chemotaxis, Pain / fever
Term
Lipoxins
Definition
eicosanoids
Derived from AA in cell membrane
Lipoxygenase pathway
INHIBITORS of inflammation (particularly inhibit leukocyte recruitment)
Term
Complement System functions
Definition
Inflammation: C3a and C5a (anaphylotoxins) released, histamine release from mast cells, increased vascular permeability & vasodilation
Phagocytosis: C3b act as opsonins and promote phagocytosis
Cell lysis: Deposition of MAC on cells, lysis of cell
Term
Kinin System
Definition
Kinin and coagulation sytems are intimately connected
Kinins: vasoactive peptides
Term
Coagulation System
Definition
Begins with factor XII activation
Culminates with activation of thrombin and production of fibrin
Inflammation promotes clotting
Thrombin promotes inflammation
Term
Hageman factor (factor XIIa)
Definition
Activated Hageman factor (factor XIIa) initiates four systems involved in the inflammatory response:
(1) the kinin system, which produces vasoactive kinins;
(2) the clotting system, which induces formation of thrombin which has inflammatory properties;
(3) the fibrinolytic system, which produces plasmin and degrades fibrin to produce fibrinopeptides, which induce inflammation; and
(4) the complement system, which produces anaphylatoxins and other mediators.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!