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Infection Control & Safety
siast, saskatoon
67
Medical
Professional
03/05/2014

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Cards

Term
medical asepsis
Definition
infection control
Term
what does it consist of?
Definition
practices and procerdures that health care workers can use to prevent the spread of infection within a health care setting
Term
Why do they continue to be revamped?
Definition
Information is learnt about microbes, modes of transportation, and control.
Term
What are the two forms of body fluid precautions recently practiced in Canada?
Definition

UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS

BODY SUBSTANCE ISOLATION

Term
And they have been replaced with?
Definition
Standard Precautions. It protects against ALL hospital patients regardless of their diagnosis or infectious status.
Term
Isolation Practices were separately designated using the?
Definition
Traditional or disease specific isolation procedures.
Term
And it has been replaced by?
Definition
Transmission based precautions which contains precations used for patients suspected or known to be infected.
Term
What are the standard precautions today?
Definition
the number one strategy for nosocomical infection control. Terminology changed, new information, eliminated the need for several isolation categories previously used and offered additional protection 
Term
What is the difference between secretion and excretion?
Definition
excretion deals with waste products. Secretions deal with functionally useful fluid released from the glandular cells.
Term
When are universal precautions used?
Definition

By all health care workers for all patients 

and, During routine patient care and cleaning duties. 

Term
Explain all health care workers for all patients?
Definition
They must be used consistantly as one cannot always tell wether patients can spread disase or infection just by looking at them
Term
And why routine patient care and cleaning duties?
Definition
Expected contact with blood, body fluids, mucous membranes, non-intact skin
Term
What is the body substance that is NOT included in standard precautions?
Definition
Sweat.
Term
The 9 standard precautions for Infection control
Definition
WASH HANDS, WEAR GLOVES, WEAR MASK, WEAR GOWN, PATIENT CARE EQUIPMENT, ENVIROMENTAL CONTROL, LINEN, OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND BLOOD BORNE PATHOGENS, PATIENT PLACEMENT
Term
Wash Hands
Definition
after touching blood and all body fluids, contaminated items, after gloves are removed, between patients and when hands are contaminated
Term
Wear Gloves
Definition
Change gloves between patients, when handling blood or body flui, mucous membranes and non intact skin, remove immediately
Term
Wear Mask, Eye protection, face shield
Definition
Protect mucous membranes of the eyes, nose and mouth, splashes of blood or body fluids
Term
Wear Gown
Definition
Protect skin and prevent contamination of clothes during procedures, remove soiled gown immediately and wash hands
Term
Patient placement
Definition
private room for infection control standards
Term
Occupational Health and Blood Born Pathegons
Definition
Never recap used needles, dispose of sharps, dispose of entire syringe, do not bend of manipulate needle by hand, place sharps in used sharps container, use resuscitation devices as alternatives to mouth to mouth
Term
Linen
Definition
Handle blood or body fluid contaminated linen without transferring infection to you or your clothes
Term
Patient care equipment
Definition
Handle equipment without transferring infectious material to yourself, and it is cleaned between patients
Term
Enviromental Control
Definition
Follow hospital protocols for routine care, cleaning and disinfection of all surfaces and equipment
Term
Personal Protective Equipment consists of
Definition
gloves, gowns, masks, and eye protection
Term
Why do you use it?
Definition
Provides a barrier between worker and patient
prevents pathogens transfer from one person to another
Term
Gloves will protect from ..
Definition
Any spill of blood to the hands and reduce the volume from a needle stick injury.
Term
Wear Gloves When...
Definition
Touching blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, and contaminated items.
Performing invasis or test procedures.
Handling patient specimen
Touching mucous membranes and non intact skin
Term
Change Gloves When,
Definition
between tasks and procedures on the same patient after contact with material that may contain high concentrations of microorganisms.
Term
Remove and Wash Hands when..
Definition
After Use
New patient
Soiled or Damaged
When touching non contaminated items such as doorknobs or phones.
Term
Dispose when and how?
Definition
Appropriate containers.
Term
Gloves are sterile in
Definition
operating rooms or touching sterile tissue of a patient.
Term
Choose gloves that are..
Definition
Suitable to the task, fit well and are tight at the wrist, good quality and thickness
Term
What is contact dermatitis
Definition
breaks in the natural barrier of the skin due to wearing gloves. Huge increase in risk. Almost all workers who have this will have staphylococcus aureus which can cause nosocomial infections in the other patients.
Term
How to prevent dermatitis
Definition
low protein latex gloves, gloves without powder, use of a barrier cream, cotton liners, switch to vinyl
Term
Guidelines for proper use of gloves
Definition
remove jewellary
wash hands before gloves
select gloves that fit
remove gloves without touching gloves
wash hands after gloves
Term
Masks - 2 functions
Definition
provides protection to worker from splashes or aerosols of infectious material
Mask provides protection to the patient from infectious microorganisms from worker.
Term
Two Types
Definition
Regular Surgical
HEPA
Term
Regular Surgical
Definition
Expandable, pulled apart to cover mouth and nose, Second style is moulded.
Term
HEPA
Definition
used when airborne transmissions of infection are present.
no air leaks so get the right size
men with facial hair need a hooded one
Only qualified people who have passed a clearance can use it
Term
Instead of HEPA, you can use..
Definition
PFR 95 AND N95 RESPIRATORS
BOTH MUST FIT WITH NO AIR LEAKS, ONLY PEOPLE WITH CLEARANCE, AND MEN WITH FACIAL HAIR.
Term
Goggles..
Definition
surround the eye area and protect the eyes. Also protect mucous membranes of the nose and mouth.
Term
Face Sheild..
Definition
Protects the eye, nose, and mouth area. Still wear a mask underneath.
Term
Gowns
Definition
protect skin and clothing from splashes, etc. Must wear around new borns or immune systems
Term
When to remove your gown
Definition
soiled or between patients.
Term
Handwashing
Definition
single most effective way to prevent nosocomial infections.
Term
Wash hands when
Definition
unprotected exposure to blood, etc.
touch contaminated equipment
removing gloves
glove tear, leaving a work area,
eating or drinking, start and end of shift, blowing nose, going to the bathroom, between patients
Term
Soaps - two types are..
Definition
Plain & Antibacterial
Term
Plain
Definition
used in general patient and non critical areas
Term
Antibacterial
Definition
hibitane aka chlorhexidine kill the bacterial but will ruin normal flora of the skin and cause dry chapped skin.
Used in High Risk Areas.
Term
REMEMBER ABOUT NEEDLES
Definition
DO NOT RECAP
IMMEDIATELY PLACE IN RESISTANT JAR
SHARP END DOWN
DISCARD THE WHOLE UNIT IF POSSIBLE
Term
How far should it be filled? the sharps container.
Definition
3/4
Term
How to clean up contaminated Glass
Definition
use a bleach for 10 minutes
use disinfectant soaked wet paper towel and gloved hands
clean up with broom
place in biohazard broken glass container
Term
How to clean up uncontaminated glass
Definition
sweep.
use wet paper towel and gloves.
place in broken glass container.
Term
How is HIV inactivated?
Definition
being exposed to commonly used germicides at concentrations much lower then those used in practice
Term
How is HBV inactivated?
Definition
common chemical disinfectants including 500ppm sodium hydrochloride (1:1000 household bleach) and some quaternary ammonium compounds
Term
What about the broom after?
Definition
Disinfect it !
Term
What is the general rule?
Definition
for large spills - clean and then disinfect
for small spills of a few drops: wipe up with disinfectant
Term
5 Steps to Inpatient Care and Client Services
Definition
1. gloves.
2. gown and face shield if there is a possibility of splashing
3. Contain large spills.(clay or chlorine absoraband)
- the surface must be clean before applying a disinfectant because disinfectants are substantially inactivated by blood.
-decontaminate for 10 minutes
4. small spills can be scooped up with a disinfectant wipe.
5. dried spills should be moistened with disinfectant before clean up to avoid scrapping and releasing microorganisms in the air.
Term
Don't forget if ya' spill laboratory specimens !!
Definition
flood liquid disinfectant before cleaning, then remove, and finally decontaminate for 10 minutes.
Term
Two examples of biohazards waste
Definition
Waste and Laundry
Term
Laundry
Definition
May contain large numbers of pathogenic microorganisms
1. wear appropriate PPE to place soiled linen in leak proof bags and transfer to cleaning area
2. Clothing contaminated with blood can be cleaned through regular washing.
Don't touch contaminated aras.
Term
Biological Hazard or Biohazard isss
Definition
any material or substance harmful to your health.
Contaminated with blood or body fluids
Must be placed in special bags marked with the waste symbol.
Term
If you collect and transport laboratory specimens, remember ***
Definition
1. follow institutional guidelines for collecting, labelling, packaging, and transporting.
wear appropriate PPE.
Don't contaminate the collection container and requisition.
Store specimens properly.
Do not store refrigerated specimens with food and drinks.
Term
What is occupational Exposure
Definition
Skin is pierced by a contaminated needle or object
Bodily Fluids splashes in the eyes, nose, or mouth
Blood or fluid comes into contact with a cut, scratch or abrasion.
A human bite.
Term
What do you do after occupational expose
Definition
Follow post exposure protocol.
Term
In your document, record:
Definition
route of exposure, source of blood, volume of inoculum, elasped time since injury, extent of injury, type and promptness of initial treatment, HEP B immunization status
Term
Steps of Post Exposure Protocol
Definition
Immediately: first aid, remove contaminated clothing, wash the area. Encourage bleeding, bandage if necessary.Rinse the area is mucous. REPORT the accident to supervisor, occupational health, emergency. Fill out accident form.
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