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Industry Flashcards
Topics from American's Industry: 20th Century
23
History
11th Grade
02/28/2010

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Cards

Term
Edwin L. Drake
Definition
first person to successfully use a steam engine to drill for oil
Term
Bessemer Process
Definition
Cheap, fast way to make steel. It was developed in 1850 by Henry Bessemer
Term
Thomas Alva Edison
Definition
Invented first reseach lab. Eventually created the lightbulb, and built an entire system for creating electrical power
Term
Christopher Sholes
Definition
Invented the type writer
Term
Alexander Graham Bell
Definition
Inventor of the telephone
Term
Transcontinental railroad
Definition
Railroad linking Pacific and Atlantic coast
Term
George Pullman
Definition
Built Illinois factory for sle
Term
Credit Mobilier
Definition
a construction company formed in 1864 by owners of the Union Pacific Railroad, who used it to fraudulently skim off railroad profits for themselves
Term
Munn vs. Illinois
Definition
an 1877 case in which the Supreme Court upheld states’ regulation of railroads for the benefit of farmers and consumers, thus establishing the right of government to regulate private industry to serve the public interest.
Term
Interstate Commerce Act
Definition
a law, enacted in 1887, that reestablished the federal government’s right to supervise railroad activities and created a five-member Interstate Commerce Commission to do so.
Term
Andrew Carnegie
Definition
Born to a penniless family, he solved a crisis with a snared group of freight trains. Got promoted and given $, bought stock, & became leader of Carnegie Steel Company
Term
Vertical Integration
Definition
A company’s taking over its suppliers and distributors and transportation systems to gain total control over the quality and cost of its product.
Term
Horizontal Integration
Definition
the merging of companies that make similar products.
Term
Vertical Integration
Definition
a company’s taking over its suppliers and distributors and transportation systems to gain total control over the quality and cost of its product.
Term
Social Darwinism
Definition
an economic and social philosophy—supposedly based on the biologist Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection—holding that a system of unrestrained competition will ensure the survival of the fittest.
Term
John D. Rockefellar
Definition
Leader of Standard Oil Company
Term
John D. Rockefellar
Definition
Leader of Standard Oil Company
Term
Sherman Anti-trust Act
Definition
a law, enacted in 1890, that was intended to prevent the creation of monopolies by making it illegal to establish trusts that interfered with free trade.
Term
Samuel Gompers
Definition
led the Cigar Makers' International Union to join with other craft unions in 1886
Term
American Federation of Labor
Definition
An alliance of trade and craft unions
Term
Eugene V. Debs
Definition
made the first major attempt to form such an industrial union–the American Railway Union (ARU)
Term
Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)/Wobblies
Definition
Consisted of miners, lumberers, and cannery and dock workers. Allowed African Americans. Gave dignity to unskilled workers.
Term
Mary Harris Jones
Definition
Most prominent leader in women's labor movement.
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