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Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution
34
Social Studies
10th Grade
06/26/2012

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Term
Industrial Revolution
Definition
Great increase in machine production that began in England in the 18th century
Term
Enclosure
Definition
Large closed-in field for farming
Term
Crop Rotation
Definition
Planting a different crop in a different field each year
Term
Industrialization
Definition
Process of developing machine production of goods
Term
Factors of Production
Definition
Conditions needed to produce goods & services... land, labor, captial
Term
Factory
Definition
Building where goods are made
Term
Entrepreneur
Definition
Person who organizes, manages, and takes on the financial risk of a business enterprise
Term
Urbanization
Definition
City building and the movement of people to cities
Term
Middle Class
Definition
A social class of skilled workers, professionals, business people, and wealthy farmers
Term
Stock
Definition
Right of ownership in a company called a corporation
Term
Corporation
Definition
Business owned by stockholders who share in its profits but are not responsible for its debts
Term
Laissez Faire
Definition
"Hands off;" Economic theory that argues that governments should not interfere w/business affairs
Term
Adam Smith
Definition
Philosopher who defended laissez faire economics
Term
Capitalism
Definition
Economic system in which people invest money to make a profit
Term
Utilitarianism
Definition
Belief that an idea is only as good as it is useful
Term
Socialism
Definition
Belief that businesses should be owned by society as a whole
Term
Karl Marx
Definition
Economic thinker who wrote about a radical form of socialism.. Marxism. Wrote The Communist Manifesto describing communism
Term
Communism
Definition
Form of socialism in which all production is owned by the people
Term
Union
Definition
Organized groups of workers that bargain with business owners to get better pay and working conditions
Term
Collective Bargaining
Definition
Negotiation between organized workers and their employer to determine wages, hours, rules, & working conditions
Term
Strike
Definition
Organized refusal to work
Term
Assembly Line
Definition
An arrangement of workers, machines, & equipment in which the product being assembled passes consecutively from operation to operation until completed
Term
Agricultural Revolution
Definition
Changes that led to great increases in the amount of food farmers produced
Term
Imperialism
Definition
Actions or policies by which one country controls another
Term
Suffrage
Definition
Right to vote
Term
Anti-Semitism
Definition
Prejudice against Jews
Term
Zionism
Definition
Movement to establish a separate homeland in Palestine for the Jews
Term
Kaiser
Definition
Emperor
Term
Romanticism
Definition
Arts movement that had a deep interest in nature & the individual
Term
Realism
Definition
Arts movement that reflected the growing political importance of the working class
Term
Impressionism
Definition
Art movement that attempted to give the artist's impression of a subject or moment in time
Term
Neoclassical
Definition
Art movement based on classical Greek & Roman art & culture
Term
Chartist Movement
Definition
1838-1858 Britain; working class movement for political reform
Term
Division of Labor
Definition
Assigning different parts of a manufacturing process to different people as a way to increase efficiency
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