Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Important concepts from The Chapter on Poetry
Poetry definitions and authors
125
Literature
Undergraduate 1
04/13/2012

Additional Literature Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Literature
Definition
exists to communicate significant experience-significant because it's concentrated & organized.
Term
Poetry
Definition
might be defined as a kind of language that says more & says it more intensely than does ordinary language.
Term
Poetry
Definition
is the most condensed and concentrated form of literature.
Term
Memorize these 5 suggestions for reading poetry
Definition
1.Read the poem more than once.
2.Keep a dictionary by you & USE IT!
3.Read so as to hear the sounds of the words in your mind.
4.Always pay careful attention to what the poem is saying.
5.Practice reading the poems aloud.
Term
Title of Poem: The Eagle
Definition
Author: Alfred Lord Tennyson
Term
Title of Poem: Dulce et Decorum Est
Definition
Author: Wilfred Owen
Term
Title of Poem:
The Man He Killed
Definition
Author:
Thomas Hardy
Term
Title of Poem:
Mirror
Definition
Author:
Sylvia Plath
Term
Denotation
Definition
the dictionary meaning or meanings of the word.
Term
Connotation
Definition
what a word suggests beyond its basic dictionary definition; its overtones of meaning.
Term
Title of Poem:
When my love sears that she is made of truth
Definition
Author:
William Shakespeare
Term
Title of Poem:
A Hymn to God the Father
Definition
Author:
John Donne
Term
Title of Poem:
Batter my heart, three-personed God
Definition
Author:
John Donne
Term
Title of Poem:
There is no Frigate like a Book
Definition
Author:
Emily Dickinson
Term
Imagery
Definition
the representation through language of sense experience.
Term
Visual Imagery
Definition
sight
Term
Auditory imagery
Definition
sound
Term
Olfactory Imagery
Definition
smell
Term
Gustatory Imagery
Definition
taste
Term
Tactile Imagery
Definition
Touch
Term
Kinesthetic imagery
Definition
movement or tension in the muscles or joints.
Term
Title of Poems:
Meeting at Night
Parting at Morning
Definition
Author:
Robert Browning
Term
Title of Poem:
Living in Sin
Definition
Author:
Adrienne Rich
Term
Title of Poem:
Kubla Khan
Definition
Author:
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Term
Title of Poem:
La Belle Dame sans Merci
Definition
Author:
John Keats
Term
Personification
Definition
the attribution of human traits to abstractions or to nonhuman objects.
Term
Apostrophe
Definition
speaker addresses a real or imagined listener who is no present.
Term
Synecdoche
Definition
a figure of speech in which a part is used to designate the whole or the whole is used to designate a part. For example, the phrase "all hands on deck" means "all men on deck," not just their hands.
Term
Metonymy
Definition
substitutes one thing for another with which it is closely identified(examples: "Hollywood" to mean the movie industry.)
Term
Simile
Definition
illustrates the similarity or comparability of the known to something unknown or to be explained.
Term
Metaphor
Definition
a comparison illustrating the similarity or comparability of the known to something unknown or to be explained without the use of the words like or as.
Term
Title of Poem:
A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning
Definition
Author:
John Donne
Term
Title of Poem:
To His Coy Mistress
Definition
Author:
Andrew Marvell
Term
Symbol
Definition
something that represents something other than what it is.
Term
Allegory
Definition
a narrative or description that has a second meaning beneath the surface.
Term
Title of Poem:
To the Virgins, to Make Much of Time
Definition
Author:
Robert Herrick
Term
Title of Poem:
Hymn to God My God, in My Sickness
Definition
Author:
John Donne
Term
Title of Poem:
Peace
Definition
Author:
George Herbert
Term
Title of Poem:
The Sick Rose
Definition
Author:
William Blake
Term
Paradox
Definition
an apparent contradiction that is nevertheless somehow true.
Term
Overstatement or Hyberbole
Definition
simple exaggeration, but exaggeration in the service of truth.
Term
Understatement
Definition
saying less than what one means; may exist in what one says or merely in how one says it.
Term
Irony
Definition
a situation or a use of language involving some kind of incongruity or discrepancy.
Term
Verbal Irony
Definition
a figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant.
Term
Sarcasm
Definition
bitter or cutting speech
Term
Satire
Definition
usually applied to written literature rather than to speech & ordinarily implying a higher motive: it is ridicule of human folly or vice, with the purpose of bringing about reform.
Term
Dramatic Irony
Definition
an incongruity or discrepancy between what a character says or thinks, believing it to be true, & what the reader knows to be true.
Term
Irony of Situation
Definition
a situation in which there is an incongruity between appearance and reality, or between expectation & fulfillment, or between the actual situation & what would seem appropriate.
Term
Title of Poem:
The Chimney Sweeper
Definition
Author:
William Blake
Term
Title of Poem:
My Last Duchess
Definition
Author:
Robert Browning
Term
Allusion
Definition
a reference to something in history or previous literature that is a means of suggesting far more than it says.
Term
Title of Poem:
Journey of the Magi
Definition
Author:
T.S. Eliot
Term
Total Meaning
Definition
the experience it communicates and which can be communicated in no other way.
Term
Prose Meaning
Definition
the ingredient that can be separated out in the form of a prose paraphrase.
Term
Title of Poem:
Richard Cory
Definition
Author:
Edwin Arlington Robinson
Term
Title of Poem:
To the Mercy Killers
Definition
Author:
Dudley Randall
Term
Title of Poem:
The Man He Killed
Definition
Author:
Thomas Hardy
Term
Title of Poem:
Mirror
Definition
Author:
Sylvia Plath
Term
Tone
Definition
the writer's or speaker's attitude toward the subject, the reader, or herself or himself. It is the emotional coloring, or the emotional meaning, of the work & is an extremely important part of the full meaning.
Term
Title of Poem:
Since there's no help
Definition
Author:
Michael Drayton
Term
Title of Poem:
My mistress' eyes
Definition
Author:
William Shakespeare
Term
Title of Poem:
The Apparition
Definition
Author:
John Donne
Term
Title of Poem:
The Flea
Definition
Author:
John Donne
Term
Alliteration
Definition
the repetition of initial consonant sounds, as in "tried and true"
Term
Assonance
Definition
the repetition of vowel sound, as in "mad as a hatter"
Term
Consonance
Definition
the repetition of final consonant sounds, as in "first and last"
Term
Rhyme
Definition
the repetition of the accented vowel sound and any succeeding consonant sounds.
Term
Masculine (rhyme)
Definition
when the rhyme sounds involve only one syllable, as in "thin and gin" from Gwendolyn Brooks "We Real Cool"
Term
Feminine (rhyme)
Definition
when the rhyme sounds involve two or more syllables, as in "turtle and fertile" and "spitefully and delightfully."
Term
Internal rhyme
Definition
when one or more rhyming words are within the line.
Term
End rhyme
Definition
when the rhyming words are at the ends of lines.
Term
Approximate rhymes
Definition
also called slant rhymes- include words with any kind of sound similarity, from close to fairly remote.
Term
Anaphora
Definition
the repetition of an opening word or phrase in a series of lines as in "Little lamb, little lamb" from William Blake's "The Lamb."
Term
Title of Poem:
God's Grandeur
Definition
Author:
Gerard Manley Hopkins
Term
Title of Poem:
We Real Cool
Definition
Author:
Gwendolyn Brooks
Term
Tile of Poems:
The Lamb and The Tiger
Definition
William Blake
Term
Rhythm
Definition
refers to any wavelike recurrence of motion or sound.
Term
Accented or stressed syllables
Definition
syllables that are given more prominence in pronunciation than the rest.
Term
End-stopped line
Definition
one in which the end of the line corresponds with the natural speech pause.
Term
Run-on line or enjambment
Definition
when a line has no punctuation at the end and the thought carries over to the next line.
Term
Caesuras
Definition
pauses that occur within lines either grammatical or rhetorical.
Term
Meter
Definition
arrangement of words in regularly measured, patterned, or rhythmic lines or verses.
Term
Foot
Definition
the basic unit used in the scansion or measurement of verse. A foot usually contains one accented syllable and one or two unaccented syllables.
Term
Iamb
Definition
(light/heavy)the most important poetic foot in English which contains a light stress followed by a heavy stress(it most nearly duplicates natural speech.
Term
Iambic Pentameter
Definition
a line consisting of 5 iambic feet "Sonnet 29" (1234)
Term
Trochee
Definition
(heavy/light)poetic foot which consists of a heavy accent followed by a light one (FLOW er). Most two-syllable English words are trochaic (tro KAY ick)(author,early,follow,major,morning, often,singing,snowfall,something,story,water,walking,willow,window).
Term
Dactyl
Definition
(heavy/light/light) MAN ne quin
Term
Anapest
Definition
(light/light/heavy) "Like a child from the womb, like a ghost from the tomb."
Term
Spondee
Definition
(heavy/heavy) "We Real Cool"- the whole poem is spondee. Every syllable in the poem is heavy.
Term
Line
Definition
poetic equivalent of the prose sentence.
Term
Stanza
Definition
a group of lines whose metrical pattern is repeated throughout the poem. Poetic equivalent of a paragraph in prose.
Term
Scansion
Definition
to identify the prevailing foot; to name the number of feet in a line- if this length follows any regular pattern; and to describe the stanzaic pattern- if there is one.
Term
Blank Verse
Definition
has very specific meter. It is iambic pentameter, unrhymed.
Term
Title of Poem:
Introduction to Songs of the Innocence
Definition
Author:
William Blake
Term
Title of Poem:
Let me not to the marriage of true minds
Definition
Author:
William Shakespeare
Term
Onomatopoeia
Definition
a figure of speech in which words are used to imitate sounds. Examples are buzz, hiss, zing, clippety-clop, and tick-tock.
Term
Phonetic intensives
Definition
the sound, by a process at yet obscure, to some degree connects with their meaning.
Term
Euphony
Definition
sounds grouped together so that the effect is smooth and pleasant sounding.
Term
Cacophony
Definition
sounds grouped together so that the effect is rough and harsh sounding.
Term
Title of Poem:
I heard a Fly buzz-when I died
Definition
Author:
Emily Dickinson
Term
Title of Poem:
I Wander Lonely as a Cloud
Definition
Author:
William Wordsworth
Term
Structure
Definition
the arrangement of ideas,images,thoughts,and sentences in a poem.
Term
Form
Definition
the poem's external shape.
Term
Continuous Form
Definition
the lines follow each other without formal grouping,the only breaks being dictated by units of meaning, as paragraphs are in prose.
Term
Stanzaic Form
Definition
the poet writes in a series of stanzas; that is, repeated units having the same number of lines, usually the same metrical pattern, and often an identical rhyme scheme.
Term
Fixed Form
Definition
is a traditional pattern that applies to a whole poem.
Term
Rhyme Scheme
Definition
a poem's pattern of rhyming sounds, which can be schematized by alphabetical letters (i.e. pattern of lines ending with the words love,moon,thicket;love,June,picket;above,croon,wicket can be schematized as abc,abc,abc.
Term
Couplet
Definition
two rhyming line, usually identical in length and meter.
Term
Tercet
Definition
three-line stanza
Term
Quatrain
Definition
unit of four lines
Term
Sonnet
Definition
poem consisting of fourteen lines almost always in iambic pentameter.
Term
Italian sonnet
Definition
petrarchan sonnet created by medieval Italian poet Petrarch. Form is iambic pentameter. Contains two quatrains (the octave) and two tercets (the sestet).
Term
Octave
Definition
(first 8 lines) presents a problem or situation. Rhyme scheme of the octave in fixed in an abba,abba pattern.
Term
Sestet
Definition
(last 6 lines) contains the resolution of the problem. Rhyme scheme of the sestet can have different possibilities, including cdc,cdc, or cde,cde.
Term
Shakespearean Sonnet (English sonnet)
Definition
Shakespeare adapted the Italian sonnet with this rhyme scheme: abab;cdcd,efef,gg. Contains 3 quatrains contains a separate development of the sonnet's central idea or problem, & the couplet provides a climax & resolution.
Term
Title of Poem:
The Pulley
Definition
Author:
George Herbert
Term
Title of Poem:
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Definition
Author:
William Shakespeare
Term
Title of Poem:
Death, be not proud
Definition
Author:
John Donne
Term
Sentimentality
Definition
indulgence in emotion for its own sake, or expression of more emotion than an occasion warrants.
Term
Rhetorical poetry
Definition
uses a language more glittering & high-flown than its substance warrants.
Term
Didactic poetry
Definition
primary purpose is to teach or preach.
Term
Title of Poem:
A Poison Tree (didactic)
Definition
Author:
William Blake
Term
Title of Poem:
To the Mercy Killers (didactic)
Definition
Author:
Dudley Randall
Term
Persona
Definition
the most significant character in poetry is the speaker,also called the persona. Sometimes the persona is a distinct character with individual traits & well-imagined circumstances. In Robert Browning's "My Last Duchess," the Duke is the speaker/persona, and as he speaks he reveals his hideous traits.
Term
Dramatic Monologue
Definition
the speaker talks directly to an on-the-spot listener whose reaction may directly affect the course of the poem. In Robert Browning's poem, "My Last Duchess," the Duke speaks directly to the agent who has come to negotiate with the Duke about the Duke's marriage to his second wife.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!