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Immune system A & P
Chap 24 - Immune system
50
Nursing
Professional
12/15/2009

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Term
cell-mediated immunity
Definition
An example of a specific immune response
Term
phagocytosis
Definition
An example of nonspecific defense response
Term
bone marrow
lymphoid organs
mononuclear phagocyte system (AKA reticuloendothelial system
Definition
Components of the immune system
Term
Lymphocytes
Definition
"Cornerstone" of the immune system. they alone have the ability to recognize foreign substances in the body.
Term
B cells
Definition
Cells that produce antibodies
Term
T cells
Definition
Help protect against viral infections
Term
humoral immunity
Definition
In the process of ___________, macrophages (large cells) engulf and destroy antigens after antibodies have identified them for destruction
Term
IgG
Definition
It is the only antibody transferred from mother to fetus across the placenta
Term
IgM
Definition
Stimulates complement activity.abundant in the blood but is not usually present in organs and tissues.
Term
IgA
Definition
The major component of secretions such as saliva, tears, and bronchial fluids. It is also found in breast milk.
Term
IgE
Definition
Responsible for immediate-type allergic reactions, including latex allergies.
Term
IgD
Definition
Believed to function as an antigen receptor. It is present in the blood in very small amounts.
Term
spina bifida
Definition
A child with ___________ is at increased risk for latex allergies because the mucous membranes of the bladder and rectum are exposed to latex during frequent examinations and procedures, such as urinary catheterization.
Term
latex allergies
Definition
A child with spina bifida is at increased risk for _________ because the mucous membranes of the bladder and rectum are exposed to latex during frequent examinations and procedures, such as urinary catheterization.
Term
T lymphocytes (T cells)
Definition
cell-mediated immunity is produced by ______
Term
cell-mediated immunity
Definition
T cells produce what kind of immunity?
Term
T cells "self" vs "non-self" response.
Definition
Cyclosporine is an anti-rejection medication given to organ transplant recipients to neutralize rejection by _________.
Term
interleukins
Definition
T cell growth is stimulated by substances called _____
Term
Cytokines
Definition
Proteins that act as messengers to help regulate some of the functions of the lymphocytes and macrophages during the process of immune response.
Term
granular and agranular
Definition
Two basic types of WBC's
Term
basophils and eosinophils
Definition
Two types of granular WBCs
Term
monocytes and lymphocytes
Definition
Two types of agranular WBCs
Term
B cells (B lymphocytes)
Definition
These cells develop into cells that produce antibodies
Term
humoral immunity
Definition
Immunity that involves body fluid
Term
Antigens (ag)
Definition
Any foreign substance or molecule entering the body that stimulates an immune response.
Term
Antibodies
Definition
a protein substance that the body produces in response to a infection
Term
-Igm
-IGG
-IGA
-IGE
-IGD
Definition
5 basic groups of immunoglobulins (antibodies)
Term
IGM
Definition
produced upon initial exposure to an antigen
Term
Natural Killer Cell (NKC)
Definition
slightly larger than B lymphocytes or T cells
Term
IGG
Definition
antibody transfered from mother to fetus across the placenta
Term
IGA
Definition
protects mucosal surfaces
Term
they do not require the maturation and education of B and T cells, but are ready to target specific cell as soon as they are produced.
Definition
Natural killer cells are called "natural" because:
Term
Thymus
Bone marrow
Definition
Lymphoid organs
Term
Thymus
Definition
Gland which is active early in life, but atrophies in puberty.
Term
Kupffer cell
Definition
a macrophage found in the liver sinusoids
Term
Dust cell
Definition
a macrophage found in the lungs
Term
Nonspecific defense mechanism
Definition
In the scope of immunity, fever is an example of what?
Term
hydrochloric acid
Definition
A nonspecific defense mechanism in the stomach
Term
specific defense machanism
Definition
The final line of defense against disease
Term
Inborn immunity
Definition
referes to immunity that is inherited or genetic
Term
Acquired immunity
Definition
Immunity attained through natural or artificial sources
Term
naturally acquired active immunity
Definition
A child is exposed to chicken pox, develops the disease, then develops immunity to future infection. This is an example of:
Term
Artificially acquired active immunity
Definition
A child receives MMR vaccination, and is now immune to measles. This is an example of:
Term
Artificially acquired passive immunity
Definition
A client is given a tetanus shot, giving the client the antibody against the disease. This is an example of:
Term
naturally acquired passive immunity
Definition
Immunity given to a baby by its mother is an example of:
Term
antibody-mediated immunity
Definition
method of changing an antigen, rendering it harmless
Term
Complement fixation
Definition
Method of antigen destruction: A group of proteins normally present, but inactive in the blood. They become active when exposed to an antigen-antibody complex.
Term
Effects of aging in the immune system.
Definition
Number of T and B cells decrease
Baseline body temp lowers
Term
c. IgG
Definition
Which immunoglobulin is found in the blood as well as in the tissues?
a. IgA
b. IgE
c. IgG
d. IgM
Term
b. Lymphocytes
Definition
Which of the following cells have the ability to recognize foreign substances in the body?
a. Erythrocytes
b. Lymphocytes
c. Platelets
d. Plasma cells
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