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Immune responses against tumors
BBD Lec 4/6 @2PM
26
Medical
Professional
04/06/2010

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Cards

Term
Understand the unique components of the immune system that interact with tumors
Definition
learning objective
Term
ID the mechanisms that lead to tumor escape from the immune system
Definition
learning objective
Term
understand the basis for immunotherapeutic approaches currently in use of under clinical investigation
Definition
learning objective
Term
what is the main cell used to kill tumor cells?
Definition
CD8+ T cells
Term
what cells in the body do NOT express MHC class I?
Definition
Red blood cells
Term
what are two types of receptors on NK cells?
Definition
inhibitory and activating receptors
Term
what does MHC class I block (or down regulate) on the cell surface of the NK cell?
Definition
the inhibitory receptor
Term
what two major categories of antigens are recognized by tumor infiltrating T cells?
Definition
tumor associated antigens & tumor specific antigens
Term
what are two basic protein classes of tumor associated antigens?
Definition
Differentiation (ex: melanocyte antigens) and Developmental (not normally expressed in adult)
Term
what are two protein classes of tumor specific antigens?
Definition
Mutated (any protein) and Virus oncogenes (like HPV)
Term
how do tumors progress in the presence of an immune response?
Definition
immune evasion
Term
what are some ways tumors evade the immune system?
Definition
Failure to produce tumor antigen. Lack of expression of MHC class I on the tumor cell. These both lead to Lack of T cell recognition of tumor. Lastly, tumors will produce immunosuppressive proteins that inhibit T cell activation
Term
what is the tumor stroma?
Definition
the other cell types that potentially block the access of the immune system to access the tumor cells
Term
what is the second tumor evasion mechanism?
Definition
problems with effector cells (T and K)
Term
what happens during the induction of T cell tolerance?
Definition
they are not co-stimulated so they get deleted or become anergic
Term
what is the 3rd way a tumor can evade the immune system?
Definition
active suppression by regulatory cells
Term
what is Cancer ImmunoEditing
Definition
Elimination, equilibrium, escape
Term
Passive immunotherapy
Definition
temporary
Term
active immunotherapy
Definition
induced within host, durable
Term
adoptive immunotherapy
Definition
induced outside host, can be durable
Term
combination immunotherapy
Definition
synergistic effects
Term
what does CTLA4 do?
Definition
Term
what does HER2 stand for?
Definition
Human Epidermal Growth Factor
Term
he went on to talk about each mode of therapy in more detail
Definition
it was boring...
Term
if you can target tumor-specific antigens, will you end up with specific immunity or autoimmunity?
Definition
specific immunity
Term
if you can target tumor-associated antigens, will you end up with specific immunity or autoimmunity?
Definition
autoimmunity (dont want this, its bad)
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