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ILS
First Semester Final Review
107
Science
9th Grade
07/09/2013

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is the scientific method and all of its steps?
Definition

A series of steps used to approach a problem. 

 1. Question

2. Problem

    3. Hypothesis

    4. Experiment

   5. Conclusion 

Term
What is a controlled experiment? Why is it important?
Definition
The experiment that has no change. The controlled variable and the experimental are kept at the same similarities
Term
Convert the following into scientific notation: 3.1 X 107
Definition
31,000,000
Term
What are all the basic SI (metric) units for mass, temperture, length, and volume?
Definition

Mass = Grams

Temperture = Celsius

Volume = Liters

Length = Meters

 

 

Term
Know the values and meanings of kilo, hecto, deka, deci, centi, and milli.
Definition

Kilo =  k, 1,000; 103

Hecto = h, 100, 102

Deka = da, 10, 101

Deci = d, 0.1, 10-1

Centi = c, 0.01, 10-2

Milli = m, 0.001, 10-3

Term

Know the basic tools for measuring mass, temperature, length, voulume, and etc.

 

Definition

Mass = Balance Beam

Volume = Beaker, Flask, Pipette, Burette, and Graduated Cylinder

Temperature = Thermometers

Length = Rulers

Term

What is the conservation of mass?

Why is it important?

 

Definition
Mass is neither created nor destroyed
Term
What is a light year?
Definition
a unit of astronomical distance that light travels in one year
Term

What is the big bang theory?

 

Definition
The big bang theory is the whole universe was in hot dense state 13.7 billion years ago the universe started with a big bang
Term
Be able to calculate speed, velocity, distance, time, and acceleration.
Definition
Speed = d/t Velocity = d/t Distance = s x t Time = d/s Acceleration = f/m
Term
How long does it take for the moon to go through its phases? To travel around the Earth?
Definition
27.3 days to orbit earth and regular is 29.5
Term

What are Newtons 3 laws Of motion? Give examples for each.

 

Definition

1. And object in motion/rest will stay in motion/rest unless acted upon by an outside force.

2. The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting upon it.

3. For every action there's an equal but opposite reaction

Term

In the compound Al2(SO4)3, how many atoms I are in the compound? How many oxygen atoms?

Definition
9 and 4
Term
Tell me which of the following are physical or chemical changes: freezing point, density, rusting iron, cooking eggs, burning wood, dissolving salt, and buoyancy.
Definition
Physical:Freezing point, density, rusting iron Chemical:cooking eggs, dissolving salt, burning wood, buoyancy
Term
What is always true about density of a substance?
Definition
The density of a substance varies with the samples of that substance.
Term
Explain the difference between a pure substance and a mixture.
Definition
A pure substance is any type of material a mixture is substance made by mixing other substances together.
Term

What are the parts of a solution?

Definition
air, koolaid
Term
What are the ways you can dissolve a solute faster? Give all three and how they change the process.
Definition
increase temperature, surface air, and stir faster and put pressure.
Term
Know the history up through modern atomic theory and then tell me the location of the electron, proton, and neutron.
Definition
Electron outside the nucleus, protons and neutrons inside the nucleus
Term
Know how to find the number of protons, electrons, and nuetrons off the periodic table.
Definition
protons and electrons are the atomic number and neutrons plus protons equal the atomic mass
Term
Be able to compare and contrast elements off the periodic table.
Definition
Group one is alkali metals and Boron is a metalloiod
Term
Know the trends of the periodic table families: alkali metals, alkali earth metals, transition metals, halogens, semiconductors/metalloid, and noble gases.
Definition
Alkali metal are the first group
Term
Why do atoms have no electric charge?
Definition
Since there are an equal of positively charged particles and negatively charged particles then the net charge is zero.
Term
Why is a mixture different from a compound?
Definition
a mixture is two different substances while a compound are substances that are chemically bonded to each other.
Term
Elements on the periodic table are organized by what two things?
Definition
Groups and Rows
Term
How do elements bond?
Definition
An element can donate one or more to another element to make it equal. when it gives off its anion when it gains its cation
Term
What are two types of bonding?
Definition
Covalent bonding an dionic bonding.
Term
How many galaxies exist in the universe?
Definition
over 125 billion
Term
What are the main differences between the inner and outter planets in our galaxy?
Definition
inner planets small size outter planets huge!
Term
How are galaxies classified?
Definition
spiral, barred spiral, elliptical and irregular
Term
Why do we have day and night on earth? Why do we have seasons?
Definition
we have day and night because the earth rotates on its axis and as it rotates the sun would hit it on some postitions
Term
How will the sun change as it ages? What would happen to the inner planets?
Definition
The sun might become a nebula and its starting to expand
Term
Know the difference the main difference between a heliocentric and geocentic belief.
Definition
heliocentric is when the sun is the center of the universe while geocentric is when the earth is the center of the universe.
Term
Approximately how old is the universe?
Definition
around 14 billion years old
Term
If an object is at rest, what are its speed, velocity, and acceleration?
Definition
the speed is 0 the velocity is 0 and the acceleration is 0, since its at rest.
Term
Tell me what the name of the slope on a distance-time graph or velocity-time graph.
Definition
distance vs time velocity vs time
Term
Can you have a negative slope on a graph. Tell me how.
Definition
yes. when the acceleration is negative. if the slope goes upwards.
Term
Why is a computer more accurate than a person when timing data.
Definition
a computer is more accurate then a person because, a computer has a mind of its own. it has all the great minds into one. and us humans dont know many things so a computer can do things faster then humans.
Term
Matter
Definition
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Term
Molecule
Definition
A very small particle
Term
Heterogeneous mixture
Definition
Are also called solutions. two substances that are mixed in equal proportions throughout.
Term
Pulsar
Definition
A neutron star (burnt-out star) that emits radio waves which pulse on and off.
Term
Solution
Definition
A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. A solution may exist in any phase.
Term
Solid
Definition
Has a rigid structure, has true shape, not able to move as easily.
Term
Atomic number
Definition
The number of protons. Also the number of electrons.
Term
Electron
Definition
Has a negative charge found outside the nucleus
Term
Chemical symbol
Definition
1 or 2 letter code for a chemical element
Term
Speed
Definition
Distance divided by time
Term
Net force
Definition
2 people pushing at different directions the force that is stronger is the net force
Term
Friction
Definition
Is the resistive force when two surfaces travel along each other when forced against each other
Term
Revolution
Definition
the earth and other planets rotate around the sun
Term
Heliocentric
Definition
The sun is the center of the earth
Term
Elliptical
Definition
Kepler discovered that the planets go in elliptical orbit
Term
Evaporation
Definition
something that dissolves
Term
Melting Point
Definition
When a solid changes its state into a liquid
Term
Metal
Definition
Conduct heat and electricity very reactive stretched and shaped into wires, or flat shapes
Term
Accuracy
Definition
Exactness
Term
Atom
Definition
Smallest particle of matter
Term
Compound
Definition
Compounds are substances containing atoms that are chemically bonded to each other. Separating the atoms requires a chemical change.
Term
Homogeneous mixture
Definition
Are also called solutions two sun
Term
Supernova
Definition
A supernova is a stellar explosion that is more energetic than a nova. It is pronounced with the plural supernovae or supernovas.
Term
Solute
Definition
Substance being dissolved
Term
Liquid
Definition
closely packed matter but free to slide past each other, takes shape of container, has mass
Term
Mass number
Definition
number of protons plus the number of nuetrons
Term
Proton
Definition
Positively charged found outside the nucleus
Term
Periods
Definition
Each row is a period. There are 7 periods. Corresponds to the number of rings.
Term
Velocity
Definition
Like speed but it just involves direction
Term
Balanced forces
Definition
Two forces that are equal in size and opposite in direction
Term
Perihelion
Definition
When the Earth is closest to the sun
Term
Geocentric
Definition
Everything revolves around the Earth
Term
Independent Variable
Definition
The controlled experiment. The variable that doesn't change
Term
Condensation
Definition
When a gas changes its state into a liquid.
Term
Freezing point
Definition
When a liquid becomes a solid
Term
Non Metal
Definition
No characteristics of metals.
Term
Graduated Cylinder
Definition
Used for measuring volume
Term
Element
Definition
Are substances that are composed of one type of atom. These are the simplest units of matter that are able to retain all properties of matter.
Term
Pure Substance
Definition
Any substance that has a fixed composition and definite properties.
Term
Suspension
Definition
A heterogeneous mixture of two or more substances. In a suspension very few pieces of solid are spread through a liquid but do not dissolve.
Term
Red Giant
Definition
A very large star of high luminosity and low surface temperature.
Term
Solvent
Definition
Capable of dissolving another substance
Term
Gas
Definition
Smallest state of matter, no shape, fast moving, free to spread in all directions
Term
Ions
Definition
an atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative charge
Term
Neutron
Definition
No charge. Found inside the nucleus.
Term
Families
Definition
Each column of the periodic table is a group. The vertical column.
Term
Acceleration
Definition
a = f/m
Term
Unbalanced Forces
Definition
Increase in the rate or speed of something.
Term
Aphelion
Definition
When the Earth is farthest from the sun.
Term
Parallax
Definition
An apparent change in direction of an object, caused by a in observational position that provides a new sight.
Term
Retrograde
Definition
Directed or moving backward
Term
Dependent Variable
Definition
The output or the effect or is tested to see if it is the affect
Term
Boiling Point
Definition
A point at which a liquid turns into vapor
Term
Density
Definition
The degree of a compactness of a substance
Term
Metalliod
Definition
When elements have characteristics of metals and non-metals
Term
Perisuan
Definition
Term
Aristotle
Definition
All the planets revolve around the sun
Term
Newton
Definition
Was the one who discovered the 3 laws of motion
Term
Mendeleev
Definition
Arranged and made the periodic table
Term
Dalton
Definition
According to Dalton all atoms of a given element were exactly alike and atoms of different elements could join and form compounds.
Term
Kepler
Definition
Discovered the place that is closest to the sun is perihelion and the place that is farthest is aphelion
Term
Eratosthenes
Definition
Calculated the earths circumference and knew the summer solstice
Term
JJ Thompson
Definition
Thompsons cathoderay tube experiment suggested that cathodes rays were made of negatively charged particles that came from inside atoms.
Term
Copernicus
Definition
Formed the heliocentric model earth rotates at its azis
Term
Rutherford
Definition
Proposed that most of the mass of an atom was concentrated at the atoms center.
Term
Ptomely
Definition
The earth is at the center of the universe with the sun, moon, planets, and stars revolving about it in circular orbits.
Term
Bohr
Definition
Suggested that energy of each electron was related to the electrons path around the nucleus
Term
Galileo
Definition
used telescope relied on venus and wrote dialogue on two great world systems.
Term
Convert the following measurements: 2500 mm to dkm, 0.034hg to cg
Definition
0.25
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