Shared Flashcard Set

Details

ID Questions Exam 1
University of Missouri - History 1200
49
History
Undergraduate 1
03/12/2013

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Radical Republicans
Definition
wing of Republican Party organized around an uncompromising opposition to slavery before and during the Civil War.
Term
Thirteenth Amendment 1864
Definition
"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for a crime, shall exist within the United States..."

Bans slavery.
Term
Fourteenth Amendment 1866
Definition
made all native born or naturalized persons American Citizens and prohibited states from abridging the "privileges or immunities" of citizens depriving them of "life, liberty, or property without due process of law"

Equal Rights
Term
Radical Reconstruction
Definition
instituted military rule. required new state constitutions but NO confiscation/redistribution of plantations to ex-slaves
Term
Fifteenth Amendment
Definition
February 1869 prohibits stats from depriving any citizen of the right to vote because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

Voting rights.
Term
spoils system
Definition
political system also known as patronage system. when a political party wins, it gives their voters government jobs.
incentive system
Term
panic of 1873
Definition
caused by the over-capitalization of railroad industry and by the reaction of the government to declining silver prices.
Term
The Lost Cause
Definition
reminded southerners that their cause was just and noble. The idea of chivalry.
appeal to white pride.
Term
election of 1876
Definition
Tilden v. Hayes
electoral college result was inconclusive (Tilden down by 1 vote) Result depended on final tally of votes in Florida, Louisiana, and South Carolina.
Hayes promised end to Reconstruction in return for votes.
Term
Compromise of 1876
Definition
Hayes promised to end Reconstruction in return for the electoral votes of states. (to win presidential election)
Term
Redemption
Definition
End of reconstruction, Democrats gained control of state politics, white supremacy reigned, economic power was restored to former slaveowners.
Term
sharecropping/tenant farming
Definition
Sharecropping- sharing the land for purposes of farming. landowners did this when they had not money to pay laborers.

Tenant Farming- laborer lives on land where he/she works. is payed in cash or product.

Both were compromise for forced labor.
Term
crop lien system
Definition
a system where farmers received loans from merchants in advance (of the crop system) and later repaid the money, after the crops were harvested.
Term
Vertical Integration
Definition
the combo in one company of two or more stages of production normally operated by separate companies.
Term
Horizontal Integration
Definition
absorption into a single firm of several firms involved in the same level of production and sharing resources at that level.
Term
Social Darwinism
Definition
coined by William Graham Sumner- Yale Professor of Sociology. Applies Darwin's work on evolution and Herbert Spencer's concept of "survival of the fittest" to American Societal and economic relationships.
Term
The Gospel of Wealth
Definition
Carnegie's philosophy of Philanthropy; an article written in 1889.
Term
Great Railroad Strike of 1877
Definition
governors of 9 states called on federal troops to break the strike.
Term
Knights of Labor
Definition
Union
Term
AFL
Definition
Union
Term
Populist's People's Party
Definition
started by farmers, but also appealed to urban workers. called for graduated income tax, new land policies which would reclaim land grants to RR's, secret ballot voting, and perhaps most importantly, free silver or greenbacks (paper money).
Term
Eugene v. Debs
Definition
a union leader and activist. ran for President several times as a socialist. Earned nearly 1 million votes in 1912 and 1920.
Term
Industrial Workers of the World (Wobblies)
Definition
founded by Debs and Big Hill Haywood in 1905. meant to be both a union and a political organization. Modeled after Knights of Labor but with the stated goal of overthrowing the "employment class."
Term
Social Gospel
Definition
some Christians believed society as well as individuals needed to be reformed.
Term
Settlement Houses
Definition
houses provided for immigrants (ex: Jane Addams' Hull House)
Term
Triangle Shirtwaist and Fire
Definition
second deadliest disaster in NY. Building burned down.
Term
Pure Food and Drug Act 1906
Definition
Progressive Era- Food and Safety Inspection Service
Term
Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890
Definition
originally an ingenious way of limiting unions, used slightly more aggressively by TR
Term
Interstate Commerce Commission 1897
Definition
was strengthened by Hepburn Act which gave the ICC the power to set RR rates; subject to court review.
Term
Spanish-American War
Definition
Begins in February Cuba. fighting began in the Caribbean and the Pacific with blockade of Cuba and Explosion on the Maine. By December, Cuba gains independence, US gets Puerto Rico, Guam and right to purchase The Philippines.
Term
White Man's Burden
Definition
the supposed responsibility of the white race to provide care for their non-white subjects
Term
Woodrow Wilson
Definition
wins election of 1912. Represents peak of progressive era.
Term
Zimmerman Telegraph
Definition
Germany supposedly urged Mexico to enter the war in exchange for return of original territory.
Term
One Hundred Percent Americanism
Definition
After World War I, deep feelings of patriotism and anti-German sentiment gave rise to the 100 Percent Americanism movement. The movement celebrated all things American while it attacked ideas (and people) it viewed as foreign and/or anti-American.
Term
The Fourteenth Points
Definition
Wilson's plan. Called for open diplomacy, freedom of seas, removal of trade barriers, and national self-determination, and League of Nations.
Term
Harlem Renaissance
Definition
Langston Hughes, Zora Neal Hurston; african american art expressed dissent from mainstream culture; ends up shaping mainstream culture.
Term
Freud
Definition
theories were popularized, uninhibited sex life, it was believed, necessary for mental health.
Term
18th Amendment
Definition
effective in 1920. Volstead Act passed to enforce prohibition. drinking did actually decrease. enforcement varied widely. some states like New Jersey simply refused to enforce the law. Distilled liquors rose in popularity. Changed gender relations. (women began to drink)
Term
Welfare Capitalism
Definition
responsibility of management to care for employees
Term
American Plan
Definition
non-union shops.
Term
The Scopes Trial
Definition
1925 revolved around the teaching of evolution.
Term
Palmer Raids
Definition
1919 bombings attributed to radicals. Attorney General Mitchell Palmer led a series of raids on suspected radical organizations.
Term
Herbert Hoover
Definition
Republican candidate for 1928. Won a landslide 58 to 41.
Dealing with Great Depression:
Asked for "voluntarism"-private charity
"revenue act of 1932- Cut some taxes raised others
Reconstruction Finance Corp. loans to RR's, insurance companies & banks
Hoovervilles
Ran again in 1932 against FDR- lost
Last republican president until 1952.
Term
Voluntarism
Definition
reliance on private charity
Term
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
Definition
loans money to RR's, banks, insurance companies, but it only loaned 20% of the $1.5 billion Congress had appropriated.
Term
New Deal Coalition
Definition
FDR: organized labor, Midwestern and Southern farmer, white ethnic groups, northern blacks, and many middle-class families concerned about unemployment and old-age dependence.
Term
New Deal Consensus
Definition
FDR: New Deal Consensus centered around an active government, a managed economy, and the idea that poverty was an economic and not personal failing.
Term
Glass-Steagall Act
Definition
attempted to curb speculation, and founded the FDIC
Term
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
Definition
provided cash subsidies to farmers who cut production. Paid for my taxing processors.
Supporting users have an ad free experience!