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Iah 202 Hoolihan 1 of 2
For IAH Hoolihan
97
History
Undergraduate 2
06/29/2009

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Term
Sumeria - Mesopotamia
Definition
Sumeria is among the first six ancient civilizations, it is made of fertile valleys lying between the Tigris and Euphrates.
Term
Egypt
Definition
Egypt is among the first six ancient civilizations, most of the Egyptians thrive off the Nile River, it has the Giza Pyramids and Great Sphynx, built during the Old Kingdom.
Term
India
Definition
India is among the first six ancient civilizations, first settlements developed into Indus Valley Civilisation in 3300 BCE
Term
China
Definition
China is among the first six ancient civilizations, ruled by man different Dynasties, the Chinese started along the Yellow River in the east.
Term
Christopher Columbus
Definition
Genoese navigator, colonizer and explorer whose voyages across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492—funded by Queen Isabella of Spain—led to general European awareness of the American continents in the Western Hemisphere
Term
Ferdinand Magellan
Definition
Led expedition of 5 ships funded by the Spanish King to search for the size of the world going east around Africa. Realizes pacific ocean is bigger than atlantic and ends up in the phillipines. Only 1 of 5 ships make it.
Term
Vasco de Gama
Definition
Portuguese explorer, one of the most successful in the European Age of Discovery and the commander of the first ships to sail directly from Europe to India.
Term
Ternate and Tidore
Definition
2 islands called Moluccas, clothes and nutmeg came from their.
Term
Hernando Cortes
Definition
A Spanish conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec empire and brought large portions of mainland Mexico under the King of Castile, in the early 16th century. Cortés was part of the generation of Spanish colonizers that began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas
Term
Aztecs
Definition
Central Mexico, spoke the Nahuatl language and who achieved political and military dominance over large parts of Mesoamerica in the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries
Term
Moctezuma
Definition
Was an absolute ruler and the fifth Aztec emperor. During his reign the Aztec Empire was consolidated, major expansion was undertaken and Tenochtitlan started becoming the dominant partner of the Aztec Triple Alliance
Term
Nahuatl
Definition
group of related languages of the Central Americans (Aztecs)
Term
Tenochtitlan
Definition
the city-state of the growing Aztec empire in the 15th century, until being defeated in 1521 by Cortes
Term
Francisco Pizarro
Definition
A Spanish conquistador, conqueror of the Incan Empire and founder of Lima, the modern-day capital of Peru.
Term
Incas
Definition
largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The administrative, political and military center of the empire was located in Cusco in modern-day Peru. The Inca Empire arose from the highlands of Peru sometime in early 13th century.
Term
Quechua
Definition
related Native American languages in South America, with approximately 46 dialects, grouped in at least seven languages, spoken by Incas
Term
Quipu
Definition
recording devices used in the Inca Empire usually consisted of colored spun and plied thread or strings from llama or alpaca hair. It also consisted of cotton cords with numeric and other values encoded by knots in a base ten positional system
Term
Atahualpa
Definition
was the last sovereign emperor of the Inca Empire. He became emperor upon defeating his older half-brother Huáscar in a civil war sparked by the death of their father from small pox. Francisco Pizarro captured Atahualpa, and used him to control the Inca empire
Term
Cuzco
Definition
The historic capital of the Inca Empire
Term
Encomienda
Definition
labour system that was employed by the Spanish crown during the Spanish colonization of the Americas. the crown granted a person a specified number of natives of whom they were to take responsibility
Term
Potosi Silver Mines
Definition
A city in Bolivia, lies beneath a mountain popularly conceived of as being "made of" silver ore
Term
El Dorado
Definition
a legend, of a city of gold, that began with the story of a South American tribal chief who covered himself with gold dust and would dive into a lake of pure mountain water.
Term
30 Years War
Definition
(1618-1648) one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. The war was fought primarily in Germany and at various points involved most of the countries of Europe
Term
Habsburgs
Definition
an important royal house of Europe and is best known as supplying all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1452 and 1740, as well as rulers of and the Austrian Empire and Spain. Charles V big ruler.
Term
Austria
Definition
Great Power in Europe pre-WWI. Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria, wanted to centralize the government, abolish torture, and bring Enlightenment. She found education important.
Term
Prussia
Definition
Great Power in Europe pre-WWI. King Frederick the Great was a great general with absolute power and the best army. Started '7 years war' by attacking Austria
Term
Russia
Definition
Great Power in Europe pre-WWI. Czar Peter the Great was absolute ruler. No democracy, not economically advanced, hardly traded, most people illiterate, no roads, big army and fought Sweden.
Term
England
Definition
Great Power in Europe pre-WWI. Had best navy and was very wealthy.
Term
France
Definition
Great Power in Europe pre-WWI. King Louis XIV takes power from central government. Strong military. Competing for world trade with Britain.
Term
Ottoman Empire
Definition
an empire that lasted from 1299 to 1922. At the height of its power, 16th–17th century, it spanned three continents, controlling much of Southeastern Europe, Western Asia and North Africa.
Term
Louis XIV
Definition
King of France (1642-1715). Takes power away from central government.
Term
Frederick the Great
Definition
King of Prussia (1740–1786) from the Hohenzollern dynasty. Was a great general and had a very strong army.
Term
Peter the Great
Definition
Ruled Russia and later the Russian Empire (1682-1725). Big army, no democracy.
Term
Maria Theresa
Definition
was the Archduchess of Austria, Queen of Hungary, Queen of Bohemia, Grand Duchess of Tuscany and a Holy Roman Empress by marriage to Francis of Lorraine and was technically the last member of the House of Habsburg.
Term
7 years' war
Definition
(1756-1763) Involved all of the major European powers of the period.
Term
Dahomey
Definition
a powerful west African Kingdom from the Viceroy of Ouidah.
Term
Ouidah
Definition
slave port in the Kingdom of Dahomey
Term
Abomey
Definition
Capital of Dahomey.
Term
Fon
Definition
Language spoken by people in Benin
Term
Benin
Definition
Benin was known as Dahomey until 1975.
Term
Thomas Clarkson
Definition
abolitionist, and became a leading campaigner against the slave trade in the British Empire.
Term
Granville Sharp
Definition
was one of the first British campaigners for the abolition of the slave trade. He also involved himself in trying to correct other social injustices. (Defended a slave who was left behind by owner because of injuries, then when better, owner wanted slave back)
Term
John Newton
Definition
was an Englishman, Anglican clergyman and former slave-ship captain. He was the author of many hymns, including Amazing Grace
Term
William Wilberforce
Definition
was a British politician, a philanthropist and a leader of the movement to abolish the slave trade
Term
Olaudah Equiano
Definition
was one of the most prominent people from Africa involved in the British debate for the abolition of the slave trade. His autobiography depicted the horrors of slavery and helped influence British lawmakers to abolish the slave trade through the Slave Trade Act of 1807. Despite his enslavement as a young man, he purchased his freedom and worked as a seaman, merchant and explorer
Term
End British Slave Trade
Definition
in 1807 Britain ended slave trade in the Atlantic Ocean
Term
Slavery abolished in British Empire
Definition
1834 BYOTCH!
Term
Haiti - St. Dominique - Santo Domingo
Definition
1804 Haiti claimed independence from whites. 1790 Haiti populace was whites, gens de couleur, and blacks.
Term
Code Noir
Definition
decree passed by King Louis XIV in 1685 giving gens de couleurs rights
Term
Macandal's Revolt
Definition
1758 slaves revolt in Haiti and flee throughout the country.
Term
Bohoruco
Definition
1702-1786 Group of slaves who ran away in Haiti and made their own 'Kingdom'
Term
Boukman's Revolt
Definition
1791 started in northern plains of Haiti, and leaders came out of it.
Term
Toussaint L'ouverture
Definition
led enslaved Africans to victory over Europeans in Haiti, abolished slavery, and secured native control over the colony in 1797
Term
British Invasion
Definition
1798 British invasion fails because of yellow fever, yellow fever happened because British invaded... owned.
Term
Fermage
Definition
System that forces people to work plantations for the economy
Term
French Invasion
Definition
1802 French invades Haiti, led by General Leclerc, yellow fever strikes again! HAHA
Term
General Leclerc
Definition
French general and husband to Pauline Bonaparte, sister to Napoleon Bonaparte
Term
Dessalines
Definition
Succeeds L'ouverture, was autocratic in his rule and crowned himself Emperor of Haiti in 1805
Term
Henri Christoph
Definition
rules 1806-1820 as first King of Haiti
Term
Industrial Revolution
Definition
late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, and transportation occured.
Term
Thomas Newcomen
Definition
invented the steam engine
Term
James Watt
Definition
a Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer who made improvements to the steam engine
Term
George Stephen
Definition
Invents first locomotive (can go 30 mph)
Term
Deskilling
Definition
Machines replace human skill sets, increases unemployment.
Term
1848 Revolutions
Definition
Middle class is educated and has power, but no wealth. Working Class is overworked with not enough pay.
Term
Bourgeoisie
Definition
comes from the middle or merchant classes, whose status or power came from employment, education, and wealth
Term
Proletariat
Definition
Lower social class, people with no wealth or skills
Term
Karl Marx
Definition
some douchebag...


was a German philosopher, political economist, historian, political theorist, sociologist, communist and revolutionary credited as the founder of communism.
Term
The Communist Manifesto
Definition
published in 1848 it is one of the world's most influential political manuscripts written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
Term
Manchus
Definition
Rose to power in 17th century after they conquered the Ming Dynasty and founded the Qing Dynasty, which ruled China until the Xinhai Revolution of 1911
Term
Mandarins
Definition
Chinese government officials who helped keep country together. (Must pass examination to be one)
Term
Zheng He
Definition
Admiral of treasure fleets under Ming Dynasty (300 ships) from story When China Ruled the Seas - 'The Treasure Fleet'
Term
The Mongols
Definition
Raped Asia for centuries mainly located in Mongolia, China, and Russia.
Term
Confucianism
Definition
from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius it focuses on human morality and wrong action
Term
Lin Xexiu
Definition
Chinese official sent to stop opium trade
Term
Taiwan
Definition
area under the effective jurisdiction of the Republic of China since the Chinese Civil War in 1949
Term
Shi Huang Di
Definition
First emperor to unite China.
Term
Genghis Khan
Definition
was the founder, ruler, and emperor of the Mongol Empire, the largest contiguous empire in history.
Term
Mao Tse Tung
Definition
leader of the People’s Republic of China aka Mao Zedong
Term
Taiping Rebellion
Definition
Internal rebellion and response to foreigners in China
Term
Boxer Rebellion
Definition
Spontaneous start, killed European missionaries and christians
Term
Chiang Kai Shek
Definition
was a political and military leader of 20th century China who attempted to eradicate the communists, failed, and retreated to Taiwan
Term
Louis XVI
Definition
ruled as King of France, found guilty of treason, and executed by guillotine.
Term
Battle of Trafalgar
Definition
Naval Battle - Britain stops French navy
Term
Napoleon Bonaparte
Definition
was a military and political leader of France whose actions shaped European politics in the early 19th century.
Term
Waterloo
Definition
Duke of Wellington defeats Napoleon Bonaparte.
Term
Duke of Wellington
Definition
one of the leading military and political figures of the nineteenth century. Defeats Napoleon Bonaparte
Term
Congress of Vienna
Definition
1815 evened out powers in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte
Term
Otto von Bismarck
Definition
he oversaw the unification of Germany and was a Chancellor.
Term
Boer Wars
Definition
fought between the British Empire and the two independent Boer republics
Term
Hendrik Witbooi
Definition
the leader of the Witbooi's... that's it.
Term
Samuel Maherero
Definition
Leader of the Herero's
Term
Maji-Maji Revolt
Definition
a violent African resistance to colonial rule in the German colony of Tanganyika
Term
Fashoda
Definition
climax of imperial territorial disputes between Britain and France in Eastern Africa. It brought Britain and France to the verge of war but ended in a diplomatic victory for Britain
Term
Agadir Crisis
Definition
tension sparked by the deployment of the German gunboat Panther, to the Moroccan port of Agadir in 1911
Term
Leopold II
Definition
was King of the Belgians, had independent country take over Congo.
Term
Congress of Berlin
Definition
was a meeting of the European Great Powers' and the Ottoman Empire's leading statesmen in Berlin in 1878 to reorganize the Balkan lands.
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