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homeostatic disorders
disorders in homeostasis
13
Physiology
Undergraduate 2
04/28/2011

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Term
respiratory acidosis
Definition
can be caused by emphysema, pulmonary edema, injury to the respiratory center of the medulla oblongata, airway destruction, or disorders of the muscles involved in breathing.
Term
respiratory alkalosis
Definition
can be caused by oxygen defficiency at high altitude, stroke, or severe anxiety.
Term
metabolic acidosis
Definition
can be caused by actual loss of bicarbonate ions, ketosis, or failure of kidneys to excrete H+
Term
metabolic alkalosis
Definition
can be caused by excessive vomiting of gastric contents, gastric suctioning, use of certain diuretics, severe dehydration, or excessive intake of alkaline drugs.
Term
dehydration
Definition
occurs when water loss is greater than water gain.
Term
hypovolemia
Definition
condition that can occur as water moves out of plasma into interstitial fluid and then into cells.
Term
water intoxication
Definition
the swelling of cells due to water moving from plasma into interstitial fluid and then into cells.
Term
edema
Definition
an abnormal increase in the volume of interstitial fluid.
Term
hypokalemia
Definition
can be caused by decreased potassium intake or kidney disease; results in muscle fatigue, increased urine output, changes in electrocardiogram.
Term
hypernatremia
Definition
can be caused by excessive sodium in diet or with dehydration.
Term
hyponatremia
Definition
can be caused by excessive water intake, excessive vomiting, or aldosterone deficiency.
Term
hyperphosphatemia
Definition
can occur during renal failure or destruction of body cells, which releases phosphates into the blood.
Term
hypocalcemia
Definition
can occur from hypoparathyroidism
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