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Homeostasis
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34
Medical
Professional
11/19/2010

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Term
Milieu Interieur
Definition
The idea of homeostasis and maintenance of an internal environment.
Term
The (BLANK) is where all cells float and where all exchange occurs.
Definition
Interstitial fluid
Term
What is the consistency of normal interstitial fluid?
Definition
Gel like.
Term
What is the consistency of interstitial fluid in edema?
Definition
Liquid.
Term
Within the interstitial fluid are different components; the different compositions are due to differences in (BLANK) and (BLANK).
Definition
membrane permeability and the types of pumps/channels/transporters.
Term
The composition of the interstitial fluid determines the (BLANK).
Definition
Function.
Term
Cell
Definition
The basic structural and functional unit.
Term
Tissue
Definition
Aggregation of similar cell types (muscle, nerve, epithelial, connective).
Term
Organ
Definition
Composed of the four kinds of tissue in various proportions; carry out a specific function.
Term
Organ System
Definition
Group of organs that operate in a coordinated fashion to achieve a special function.
Term
Constancy in an open system requires that our bodies...
Definition
Employ mechanisms to maintain this.
Term
Steady state systems require that any change be met with...
Definition
Forces that oppose this change.
Term
Homeostais
Definition
Maintaining a constant environment.
Term
Example of homeostatic systems.
Definition
Nutrients, osmolarity, acid/base, fluid volume, blood pressure, and temperature.
Term
What system is the mainstay of homeostais?
Definition
Negative feedback systems, closed loops.
Term
Open Loop System
Definition
Controlled directly, by an input signal. The basic units of this type consist only of an amplifier and a motor. The amplifier receives a low- level input signal and amplifies it enough to drive the motor to perform the desired job.
Term
Closed Loop System
Definition
System in which some or all of its output is used as its input.
Term
Feedback mediators are (BLANK) or (BLANK).
Definition
Neural or chemical.
Term
Only circulating chemical is referred to as (BLANK).
Definition
Hormone.
Term
Hormone
Definition
A chemical messenger produced by one cell that enters the blood stream to act on another cell.
Term
Paracrine
Definition
A chemical messenger produced by one cell that acts on a close target cell and the chemical signal is broken down too quickly to be carried to other places of the body.
Term
Autocrine
Definition
A chemical product made by one cell that acts on that same cell.
Term
Exocrine Gland
Definition
Secretes product into a duct (digestive enzymes from exocrine pancreas).
Term
Endocrine Gland
Definition
Producer of hormones. Secretes product into the blood stream or the interstitial fluid (insulin from pancreas).
Term
Positive Feedback
Definition
The initiating event causes a change that amplifies or propagates the initiating event. "Good" example is oxytocin in birth.
Term
Feed Forward Control
Definition
Predictive or anticipatory; responds to a measured disturbance in a pre-defined way and cannot be controlled. FASTER than negative feedback (responds before there has been an error in the input signal).
Term
Negative feedback is the most (BLANK) system.
Definition
Common.
Term
Negative feedback is also calle (BLANK) because the error is used to determine the action.
Definition
Error-control system.
Term
Feedback Gain
Definition
The efficiency or sensitivity of a system for maintaining homeostasis.
Term
Feedback Gain =
Definition
Correction/Error
Term
Larger gain means system response is (BLANK) for a given perturbation.
Definition
Greater.
Term
Fluid intake is regulated by...
Definition
Habits and thirst (osmocontrol systems).
Term
Electrolyte intake is regulated by...
Definition
Habits and blood pressure control systems.
Term
Fluid and electrolyte OUTPUT is regulated by...
Definition
Kidney function.
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