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HLTH 234 Section 4 - Labor
Medical terminology for midwives
76
Medical
Graduate
10/31/2007

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Term
Intrapartum
Definition
Labor. Between the onset of the first stage and completion of the third stage
Term
Lightening
Definition
late stage of pregnancy when the presenting part of the fetus sinks into the pelvis, and the fundus ceases to press on the diaphragm
Term
Prodomal
Definition
Preceding. Warning of approaching disease
Term
Endorphins
Definition
Opiate-like peptides produced naturally by the body at neural synapses in the central nervous system where they modulate transmission of pain perceptions
Term
Oxytocin
Definition
Hormone secreted from posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, which causes stimulation of the uterine myometrium. Also causes milk to be expressed in response to sucking
Term
Hypoxia
Definition
Diminished oxygen tension in the body tissues
Term
Anoxia
Definition
The state of being deprived of oxygen
Term
Increment
Definition
An increase or addition in number, size, or extent; an enlargement
Term
Acme
Definition
The highest point; peak. The time of greatest intensity of a symptom or disease process
Term
Decrement
Definition
The period in the course of a febrile disease when the fever subsides
Term
Station
Definition
Location of the presenting part of the fetus in the birth canal
Term
Nitrazine
Definition
Strips of paper used in pH tests
Term
Fern test
Definition
Cervical cytology undertaken to determine the amount of estrogen in cervical mucous
Term
Chorioamnionitis
Definition
Infection of the membranes and amniotic fluid
Term
Suprapubic
Definition
Above the pubic bones
Term
Synclitism
Definition
State when the fetal head enters the pelvic brim with both parietal eminences at the same level
Term
Asynclitism
Definition
Fetal head entering the pelvic brim with one eminence before the other
Term
Friedman's curve
Definition
A timeline of "normal" labor commonly used by hospitals
Term
Bloody show
Definition
Blood-stained discharge at the onset of labor which comes from the cervical canal plug
Term
Lie (fetal)
Definition
The relation of the long axis of the fetus to the long axis of the mother's uterus
Term
Presentation
Definition
The part of the fetus which enters the pelvis first
Term
Attitude
Definition
The relation of the fetal parts - head, spine, limbs - to each other, e.g. flexed, deflexed, extended
Term
Position
Definition
Relation of a particular part of the fetus to a particular part of the mother's pelvis
Term
Variety (fetal)
Definition
Defining of position based on relation to the anterior, transverse, or posterior portion of the pelvis
Term
Oblique
Definition
Slanting
Term
Sinciput
Definition
The brow. The part of the skull between the coronal suture and the orbital ridges
Term
Bregma
Definition
Anterior fontanelle; A kit-shaped membranous area in the head of the fetus and infant at the junction of the frontal, coronal, and sagittal sutures
Term
Occiput
Definition
The chin; The denominator in the presentation
Term
Acromion
Definition
A process of the scapula, which forms the point of the shoulder
Term
Breech
Definition
The buttocks; B. presentation: Longitudinal lie of the fetus in which the buttocks present in the lower pole of the uterus
Term
Hawthorn effect
Definition
A phenomenon which occurs when people observed during a research study temporarily change their behavior or performance
Term
Psychoprophylaxis
Definition
A method of preparation for labor aimed at preventing pain and modifying the perception of painful sensations accociated with normal childbirth
Term
Bradley
Definition
Originator of "husband-coached" childbirth
Term
Lamaze
Definition
A method of preparation for natural childbirth based on Russian psychoprophylaxis techniques
Term
Hyperventilation
Definition
Over-breathing, in which an excessive amount of carbon dioxide is removed from the blood
Term
Counter pressure
Definition
To provide counter traction to offset that exerted by the exit of a needle
Term
Hydrotherapy
Definition
Using water to treat an ailment or condition
Term
Perineum
Definition
The area extending from the pubic arch to the coccyx. Spec. the fibromuscular pyramid between the lower third of the vagina anteriorly, the anal canal posteriorly, and the ischial tuberosities laterally
Term
Perineal
Definition
Pertaining to the perineum
Term
Ketones
Definition
Acetone, acetacetic acid, and B-hydroxybutric acid. Metabolic by products
Term
Leopold's maneuvers
Definition
Common and systematic maneuvers to determine the position of a fetus
Term
Amniotomy
Definition
Surgical rupture of the amniotic sac for the induction of labor
Term
Meconium
Definition
The material present in the fetal intestinal tract
Term
Anterior lip
Definition
The portion of the cervix that bounds the ostium anteriorly intervening between ostium and the anterior vaginal fornix
Term
Pudendal
Definition
Pertaining to the external genital organs
Term
Sagittal suture
Definition
The junction of the parietal bones
Term
Curve of Carus
Definition
An arc corresponding to the pelvic axis, being a route which the fetus must take on its passage through the birth canal
Term
Caldeyro-Barcia
Definition
Doctor, research perinatologist, director or Latin American Center of Perinatology and Human Development, President-elect of International Federation of Gynocologists and Obstetricans
Term
Valsalva maneuver
Definition
Increase of intrathoracic pressure by forcible exhalation against the closed glottis
Term
Cystocele
Definition
A hernia of the bladder into the vagina, as a result of damage to the pelvic floor during childbirth
Term
Rectocele
Definition
A hernia of the rectum, caused by overstretching of the vaginal wall at childbirth
Term
Episiotomy
Definition
An incision made into the thinned-out perineal body to enlarge the vaginal orifice during delivery
Term
Median
Definition
Situated in the median plane or in the midline of a body or structure
Term
Medio-lateral
Definition
Pertaining to the midline and one side
Term
Inertia
Definition
Sluggish. Uterine inertia: Inability of the uterine muscle to contract efficiently
Term
Dystocia
Definition
Abnormal or difficult labor
Term
Cardinal movements
Definition
Second stage of labor. Consist of: the descent, flexion, internal rotation, extension of the head, restitution, internal rotation of the shoulders, lateral flexion
Term
Deep transverse arrest
Definition
Obstruction of the fetal head during the second stage of labor
Term
Lithotomy
Definition
Position of lying on one's back with legs apart and raised
Term
Caul
Definition
The amnion, which occasionally may not rupture, but envelopes the infant's head at birth
Term
Ritgen maneuver
Definition
Delivery of the fetal head by extending it upward and forward through the vulva, between contractions, by pressing with the tips of the fingers upon the perineum behind the anus
Term
DeLee suction
Definition
A method of suctioning mucous from the fetus to reduce the risk of meconium aspiration
Term
Nuchal
Definition
Back of the neck; Nuchal cord: cord wrapped around the neck. Nuchal hand: hand presents along side the head
Term
Bandl's retraction ring
Definition
The extreme thickening of the retraction of normal labor, which occurs when labor is obstructed
Term
Classical incision
Definition
The incision across the fundus of the uterus
Term
Dehiscence
Definition
A rupture or splitting open, as of a surgical wound or of an organ or structure to discharge its contents
Term
Contraindications
Definition
Any symptom or circumstance indicating the inappropriateness of a form of treatment otherwise advisable
Term
Tocolytic
Definition
Drugs used to arrest preterm labor
Term
Umbilical cord prolapse
Definition
The cord lies in advance of the presenting part, the membranes being ruptured
Term
Tachycardia
Definition
Abnormally rapid action of the heart and pulse rate
Term
Bradycardia
Definition
Abnormally slow heart beat
Term
Anaphylaxis
Definition
An unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction of an organism to foreign protein or other substance
Term
Sepsis
Definition
Infection of the body by pathogenic bacteria
Term
Compound presentation
Definition
Presentation of more that one part of the fetus
Term
Turtle sign
Definition
When the fetal head suddenly retracts back against the mother's perineum after it emerges from the vagina; indicative of shoulder dystocia
Term
McRobert's position
Definition
Laboring position in which the mother lies supine with her knees pulled up to her chest. Can help with shoulder dystocia
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