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History Flashcards
Midterm to Final
28
History
Undergraduate 1
05/09/2013

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Cards

Term
“Associationalism”
Definition
Herbert Hoover’s approach to managing the economy. Firms and organizations in each economic sector would be asked to cooperate with each other in the pursuit of efficiency, profit, and the public good.
Term
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
Definition
created in 1932, created 2 billion dollars available in loans to failing banks and to corporations willing to build low-cost housing, bridges and other public works
Term
Hawley-Smoot Tariff (1930)
Definition
accelerated economic decline abroad and at home, raised tariffs on 75 agricultural goods from 32 to 40 percent and similar percentage on 925 manufactured goods
Term
Bank Holiday (1933)
Definition
a move Roosevelt called which ordered all banks close immediately
Term
Glass-Steagall Act (June 1933)
Definition
separated commercial banking from investment banking, created FDIC
Term
FDIC
Definition
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, protected up to 5000 of their deposits
Term
Bonus Army
Definition
Army veterans who marched on Washington, D.C., in 1932 to lobby for economic relief but who were rebuffed by Hoover.
Term
Agricultural Adjustment Act
Definition
set up the Agricultural Adjustment Administration, which began paying farmers to keep a portion of their land out of cultivation and to reduce the size of their herds
Term
National Industrial Recovery Act
Definition
authorized the National Recovery Administration
Term
National Recovery Administration
Definition
NRA, first act was to persuade industrialists and businessmen to agree to raise wages to a minimum of 30 to 40 cents per hour and to limit employee hours to a maximum of 30 to 40 hours per week
Term
Tennessee Valley Authority Act (1933)
Definition
created the Tennessee Valley Authority, which was an ambitious and successful use of government resources and power to promote economic development throughout the Tennessee Valley
Term
Civilian Conservation Corps
Definition
assembled more than 2 million young men to plant trees, halt erosion, and otherwise improve the environment
Term
WPA
Definition
federal relief agency established in 1935 that disbursed billions to pay for infrastructural improvements and funded a vast program of public art
Term
Social Security Act
Definition
centerpiece of the welfare state that created the first federal program that set up funds for people who were unable to support themselves (disabled and single mothers, elderly, etc)
Term
Manchuria/Manchukuo
Definition
Japan seized Manchuria and created Manchukuo, a puppet state of Japan, in 1931
Term
"Good Neighbor Policy"
Definition
Roosevelt's foreign policy initiative that formally renounced the right of the US to intervene in Latin America affairs, leading to improved relations between the US and Latin America
Term
Neutrality Acts (1935, 1936 - especially 1937 and 1939)
Definition
legislation that restricted loans, trade, and travel with belligerent nations in an attempt to avoid the entanglements that had brought the US into WWI; became cash-and-carry
Term
Anschluss
Definition
occupation and annexation of Austria and into Nazi Germany in 1938
Term
Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis (Tripartite Pact - 1940)
Definition
axis that consisted of 3 nations against the allies
Term
Munich Conference (1938) // “Appeasement”
Definition
conference where French and British leaders met with Adolf Hitler to avoid war // trying to stop aggression before it happens
Term
Nazi-Soviet Pact
Definition
Hitler and Stalin agreed to on a plan to divide up Poland and permit Soviet annexation of the Baltic states (Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia)
Term
Four Freedoms
Definition
Freedom from Want, Fear, Freedom of Speech, Worship
Term
Atlantic Charter (1941)
Definition
when Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill met and agreed on this charter with eight-point that disavowed territorial expansion, endorsed protection of human rights and self-determination, and pledged the postwar creation of a new world organization that would ensure "general security"
Term
Admiral I. Yamamoto
Definition
responsible for Pearl Harbor
Term
Cash & Carry
Definition
Nations have to come to US to get weapons
Term
Destroyers for Bases (executive agreement)
Definition
US would give Britain Destroyers in exchange for British Bases
Term
Lend-Lease
Definition
United States “loaned” munitions to the Allies, hoping to avoid war by becoming an “arsenal” for the Allied cause.
Term
“Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere” (content/aims)
Definition
Proposition from Japan to China that would liberate Asian nations from Western colonialism and create a self–sufficient economic zone under Japanese leadership
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