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History Final Review
Questions and Answers
74
History
10th Grade
05/24/2011

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Cards

Term
What city was famous for art during the Renaissance?
Definition
Florence, Italy
Term
What economic system was used in Italy during the Renaissance?
Definition
Capitalism
Term
Who wrote The Prince?
Definition
Machiavelli
The Prince- have people fear you as a leader so you can control the state
Term
Who was Petrarch?
Definition
Founder of Renaissance thinking for writing and literature
Term
What is a renaissance man?
Definition
Being well-rounded in many areas, educated, talented
Term
Who painted the Sistine Chapel?
Definition
Michael Angelo
-Sistine Chapel was very important to Catholics
Term
What was the first book printed with movable type?
Definition
The Guttenberg Bible
Term
Who were some European humanists (philosophers)?
Definition
Thomas Moore, Erasmus
Term
What was Columbus originally looking for?
Definition
The Indies (the shortcut to it) for spice trade
Term
Who was the first European to reach the West coast of India?
Definition
Vasco Degama
Term
What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?
Definition
A treaty between Portugal and Spain. The pope decrees that he is changing the line of demarcation and this treaty decides where to move it.
Term
Who was the first person to sail around the world?
Definition
Ferdinand Megellan
Term
What was the policy of sending sales/buys to your home country?
Definition
Mercantilism
Term
What does the Great Schism do?
Definition
Splits papacy- one pope in France, one in Rome
Term
What are indulgences?
Definition
Document that said you are rid of you sins. You get it from the church if you pay
Term
What did Martin Luther do?
Definition
Splits from Catholic Church and starts new church because he doesn’t share all their beliefs
Term
What did Martin Luther do?
Definition
Splits from Catholic Church and starts new church because he doesn’t share all their beliefs
Term
What is the Reformation?
Definition
Reforming (changing) the Catholic Church
-Martin Luther caused it
Term
What did John Calvin believe in?
Definition
Calvinism- humans are born either bad or good and they can’t change (pre-destination)
Term
Who started the Church of England (also called Anglican Church)?
Definition
Henry the 8th because he argued with the Pope about divorce and started a new church because of the argument
Term
Which Queen prosecuted Protestants?
Definition
“Bloody” Mary- then Elizabeth takes over and makes England Protesant
Term
Who believes the earth orbits the sun?
Definition
Copernicus
Term
What does Galileo invent?
Definition
Term
What does Galileo invent?
Definition
The telescope
Term
Who explains how the compass needle works?
Definition
William Gilbert
Term
What did Benjamin Franklin invent?
Definition
Electricity, rocking/swiveling chair
Term
Who invented the printing press?
Definition
Guttenberg
Term
Who said scientists should use the scientific method (observe, experiment, and write findings)?
Definition
Francis Bacon
Term
Who was the first person to use a telescope and map where the stars move?
Definition
Galileo
Term
Who believed that the earth rotates around the sun and the sun is the center of the solar system?
Definition
Copernicus
Term
What scientist is credited with discovering the circulatory system?
Definition
William Harvey
Term
Who made a newer, stronger telescope and discovered the laws of gravity?
Definition
Isaac Newton
Term
Who flew a kite (with metal) and discovered how electricity was conducted?
Definition
Benajmin Franklin
Term
Who dug up bodies to study them and see how they worked?
Definition
Vesalius
Term
Who was a social critic who wrote against intolerance?
Definition
Voltaire
Term
Who wrote the communist manifesto?
Definition
Carl Marx
Term
Who believed people were pure until they became civilized?
Definition
John Jacque Russo
Term
Who made many layers of government to separate power (because he hates one person to have all power [royal power])?
Definition
Montesquieu
Term
Who was credited with the founding of the U.S. government and constitution? He believed in rights of life, liberty, and property.
Definition
John Locke
Term
Who was a conquistador who traveled from Cuba to Mexico to find Aztec gold?
Definition
Cortez
Term
Who was a conquistador who tried to find Incan gold?
Definition
Pizarro
Term
Who came from Spain to Latin America to convert Indians to Catholicism?
Definition
Missionaries
Term
During war times what were the supporters of Charles I called?
Definition
Cavaliers
Term
Who supported Parliament during war times?
Definition
Roundheads
Term
Who was the leader of the Roundheads and later the leader of England?
Definition
Oliver Cromwell
Term
Who was the leader of the Roundheads and later the leader of England?
Definition
Oliver Cromwell
Term
What was the process of Parliament getting power over the King of England called?
Definition
The Glorious Revolution
Term
Who was a nurse who used modern medicines to treat British soldiers during the Crimean war?
Definition
Florence Nightingale
Term
What estate was Bourgeoisie part of in France?
Definition
Third estate
Term
What was it called when French prisoners attacked the capturers and took over the prison?
Definition
Storming of Bastilles
Term
What was it called when French prisoners attacked the capturers and took over the prison?
Definition
Storming of Bastilles
Term
What did the Storming of the Bastilles symbolize?
Definition
The beginning of the French revolution
Term
What is a symbol of revolution and the reign of terror?
Definition
guillotine
Term
Where was Napoleon’s ultimate defeat?
Definition
Waterloo
Term
What was Napoleon’s idea to make all French citizens equal under law?
Definition
Napoleonic Code
Term
What started World War I?
Definition
The assassination of the arch duke France Ferdinand of Austria. (The Secret agreements made other countries join the war which made it a world war)
Term
What was the name of the American ship from New York to London and was sunk by a German u-boat?
Definition
Lusitania
Term
Who sent the Zimmerman note which was intercepted by Britain on its way to Mexico?
Definition
Germany (supposedly)
Term
Zimmerman Note
Definition
If Mexico helps Germany when they defeat the U.S. they’ll give back the land they lost in the Mexican War
Term
Why did U.S. not want to be allies with Russia?
Definition
Russia is communist
Term
What country led by a King didn’t have a constitution because of protest by Catholic church?
Definition
Spain
Term
Who wasn’t a member of the League of Nations following World War I?
Definition
United States
Term
What is it called when a leader does whatever it takes to get what they want?
Definition
Realpolitik
Term
Where was the first battle in WWI fought?
Definition
Shateau Thierry
Term
What battle ended WWI?
Definition
The Battle of the Aragon forest
Term
What was the name of the battle where the Soviet Union defeated Germany for the first time?
Definition
Battle of Stalingrad
Term
Who was the prime minister of Britain in WWII?
Definition
Winston Churchill
Term
How would you describe most Middle Eastern countries?
Definition
Money from oil, system of government- dictatorship/monarchy, Islamic
Term
What was the first Islamic country who recognized Israel as a state?
Definition
Egypt
Term
What is the largest country, population-wise in the Middle East?
Definition
Turkey
Term
Who was the first communist leader of Cuba?
Definition
Fidel Castro
Term
What countries were a part of OPEC?
Definition
Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, and Kuwait
Term
Who were Dutch settlers who set up apartheid?
Definition
Afrikaners
Term
Apartheid-
Definition
separation of blacks and whites in South Africa
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