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History & Basic Structure of Atoms
History of Atomic Theory, Properties of Subatomic Particles and Basic Atomic Structure
14
Chemistry
10th Grade
09/14/2010

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Democritos

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"Based on my thinking and discussions, I believe that there is a limit to the number of times that matter can be divided.  I will call these particles 'atomos' or atoms."

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John Dalton
Definition
Responsible for 1st atomic theory: Atoms of the same element are identical and are different from atoms of other elements.
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JJ Thomson
Definition
Discovered electrons with his Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) experiments.
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Ernest Rutherford
Definition
Discovered the existence of the small positively charged nucleus of atoms with his Gold Foil experiment
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Niels Bohr
Definition
Originator of Quantum Theory
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Electron Cloud
Definition
Region around the nucleus where electrons may be found
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Nucleus
Definition
Center of the atom; contains protons and neutrons
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Proton
Definition
positively changed particle in the nucleus of an atom
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Neutron
Definition
neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom
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Electron
Definition
Negatively charged particle found in the area around the nucleus of an atom
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Importance of protons
Definition
Determines the identity of an element
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Importance of Neutrons
Definition
Responsible for the formation of different isotopes
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Importance of Electrons
Definition
Responsible for the Reactivity of an element
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JJ Thomson's Atomic Model
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