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A set of islands, along with the canaries and Azores.
Had no native people. The portugese colonists were employing slaves o grow sugar for the mainlands in the 1450's. Soon developed into a colonial plantation economy in 1470's. This made slaves more important to everyone because labor was a necessary part for the economy
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| A german monk who worked with John calvin to lead the Protestant reformation. They challenged the priests and insisted that people could interpret the bible for themselves. This started the notion for the spread of literacy. Both rejected catholic rituals and assertd faith in God was the key to salvation |
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| French cleric and lawyer. They challenged the priests and insisted that people could interpret the bible for themselves. This started the notion for the spread of literacy. Both rejected catholic rituals and assertd faith in God was the key to salvation.Went further than luther, and emphasized the need for people to submit totally to god's will. |
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| A broad mutual transfer of diseases, plans and animals resulted from the European voyages and from Spanish colonization. Such things transfered to the America's were smallpox which was a big help for the spanish when trying to conquer the aztecs who had no immunity. Also brought horses which changed the way native americans hunted. |
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| 1533, wanted a male heir to the thrown and a divorce from his current wife Catherine of Aragon. Pope refused so Henry left the Roman catholic church and fouded the church of engliand and made himself the head, English people welcomed the change, simplified the church heirarchy and paved the road for the puritans who later demanded more change. |
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| English Calvanists, came to be called puritans because they wanted to purify the church, wanted to completely abolish church heirarchy all together. They wanted a church free from political interference and wanted to confine membership to persons they believed to be "saved" |
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| 17th century colonies Jamestown |
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| In 1607, the Virginia company sent 104 men and boys nears chesapeake bay and established a settlement called jamestown on a swampy peninsula river. They were affected by dissension and disease. Arrived in the middle of a droubt. Only 38 colonists survived. One theory they have failed is because people were unaccustomed to working hard labor and along with the effects of chronic malnutrition and epidemic disease. Jamestown was an example for fur future colonies and showed what they can expect such as working with hands |
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| Lower status founder, imposed miitary discipline on the still-resistant colonists. By enforcing everyone to work, Jamestown was saved for the time being. Smith left in 1609-1610 and Jamestown began to suffer from old problems |
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| Virginia Company developed the system in 1617 to attract more settlers to the colony. Every new arrival paying his way was promised 50 acres of land. People who payed for other people to come were given similar incentives. Attracted poor, low status people in hope they can start a new life. Important because this incentive grew the population of the Americas. |
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| Group of six Algonquian villages. Consolidated his authority over some 25 smaller bands. Saw english colony as potential alies. Gained technological advantage over his indian neighbors through trade w/europeans. Traded food to English colony and allowed them to survive. |
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| A skilled medical practitioner popular with the women of Boston. Admired John cotton, began holding meetings in her home to discuss Cotton's serman, offered certainty of salvation. In 1637, officials charged her with preaching the covenant of work. She was exiled to Rhode island later killed by Native americans. She was dangerous to Puritans because she challenged religious orthodoxy nd gender roles. |
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| A seperatists who ran afoul of the Puritan orthodoxy. Believed land owned by indians should stay as indians property and in the separation of church and state. Later banished, he founded the town of providence which tolerated all religioins including Judiasm. Just the start of religioius tolerance for america |
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| Land hungry Virginians wanted the land that was reserved for the native people. Bacon's army attacked doeg and susq. indians. Bacon clashed with governor Berkely and so Bacon held members of the house of Burgesses hostage until they authorized him to attack indians. Later decared rebellion, bacon burns the capitol to the ground. Later died of dysantary, His rebelion led to a new traty signed in 1677 opening more territory. Also showed that people can |
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| King Phillip's (Metacom's war) |
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| Troubled by the loss of territory and concerned about impact of european culture, King Phillip led his warriors in attacks on nearby communities. Joined by other Algonquian people. Destroyed 27 Northern towns. Later ran short on food and amunition. Later lsot the war after the death of king phillip. Others were sold into slaver. English paid heavy price for winning, 1/10 of men were killed or wounded and did not recover for 3 decades. |
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| Was granted land y Charles II. Held land as personal proprietorship saw his province as a haven for persecuted coreligionists. Promised toleration of all religions. Attempted to treat native people fairly. Forbid the sale of alcohol to indians. Penn's policy was so successful that it caused its own fall due to the different cultures constantly fighting. |
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| Began in New England. Challenged traditional modes of though. Emphasis on emotion rather than learning undermined the validity of recieved wisdom. Questioned religious and political social groups. Challenged one of the fundamental tenets of colonial political life. Individuals could attain salvation through recognition of their own deprived nature and need to surrender completely to gods will. |
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| A church of England clergymann. He was celebrated for leading revivals in England. He arrived in America and preached to large audiences from Georgia to New England. Generated the Great Awakening creating new interconnections among the previously distinct colonies. |
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| Britain Declared war on France in 1756 after a combined force of French and Indians ambushed British. General Edward Braddock was killed and surviving soldiers were demoralized. After Britain won the war, the treaty of Paris was created. In 1763, France ceded its major north american holdings to britain. Spain an ally of france gave up florida but france repaid them back with new orleans. Big turning point for the British because they now controlled the fur trade. |
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| Required tax stamps on most printed materials. Harder on merchants and elite who used paper more. It required that tax stamps be purchased with sterling. Important because it brought the colonies closer together and further away from the british. In march 1766, parliament repealed the stamp act. |
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| An inercolonial association composed of merchants. lawyers and prosperous tradesman like Paul Revere. They influenced events but could not control them. Organized nonimportation asssociations to pressure British exports. |
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| Letters from a farmer in Pennsylvania |
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| written by lawyer John Dickinson. Went through 7 American editions. Believed parliament could regulate colonial trade but not excercises power to raise revenue because of the letters it obligated the colonies to asses parliament's motives in passing and law pertaining to trade |
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| Written by Thomas Paine. Exploded on the American scene. Sold tens of thousands of copies. It called for independance by challenging american assumptions about government and advocated the establishment of a republic. A government by the people with no king or nobility. The pamphlet reflected the oral culture of ordinary folk. Relied on the bible which most people could easly relate to. and gave the idea of independence to the people and it was inevitable. Movement toward ind. came hune 7th with the resolution that stated United colonies should be free inf states. Would eventually lead to the draft of declaration of ind. |
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| Filled primarily by young single, or propertyless men who signed to earn monetary bonuses or allotments of land. Enlisted african americans and they comprised of 10 percent of the army. Since men were gone for extended periods of time, women took the role of caring for the farm. Women grew more important. Afftected every one, people suffered shortages, inflation, took things from people living close to army camps, carried small pox and other diseases. |
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| Group of farmers who had just come back from war who were angry that the government is threatening to take their homes. The government would not take war bonds because they were worthless and they felt used. Shay led an army to Boston but stopped at an armory where they revolted. Important because all the colonies realized that this could have happened to either of the states and decided they had to do something about it. Resulting in a vast majority of attendance at the next constitutional convention. |
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| Articles of confederation |
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| Did not give the national government the ability to raise revenue effectively. allowed each state ti keep its sovereignty, freedom and independance. Could not pass a new law if one state declined. Had no judiciary, independant income or authority to compel states to accept its ruling. led to poor government and the creation of the constitution |
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virginia plan
3/5 compromise |
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| 3/5 of slaves would be included in population totals. reflected from a formula that reflected judgement that slaves were less efficient producers of wealth than free people, not that they were 60 percent human and 40 percent property. Contained direct and indirect protections for slavery. Could not end the importation of slaves for 20 years. Showed how important slaves were. |
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| contained a bill of rights guaranteeing settlers freedom of religion and the right to a jury trial. prohibited slavery. |
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| advocated the ratification of the Constitution. Arguement for large republic |
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| An english settlement on the east coast in new england, by boston. controlled by puritans. First laws incorporated regulations drawn from scripture |
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| one of a number of land grands in north america given by king charles II as a reqard to his supporters in the stuart restoration. Grants marked the resumption of English colonization of the americas after a 30 year hiatus. two major colonies included prov. of penn and prof of carolina |
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| one of the leaders of the great awakening of religious feeling in colonial america. most famous sermon "on the danger of an unconverted ministry" compared anti revivalistic ministers to the pharisees described in the gospel |
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| written by adam smith and published in 1776 during the age of enlightenment. An account of economics at the dawn of the industrial revolution.Influenced governments and organizations and even alexander hamilton in Report on manufactures. |
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| "The danger of an Unconverted Ministry" |
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| Written by Gilbert Tennent, played a major role in the schism that divided the old side and new side. |
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| Non importation agreements |
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series of commercial restrictions adopted by American colonists to protest British revenue policies prior to the American Revolution. Britain's stamp act triggered the first non importation agreement. merchants agreed collectively to embargo british imports until parliament repealed the stamp act |
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| The Intolerable Acts or the Coercive Acts are names used to describe a series of five laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 relating to Britain's colonies in North America. The acts sparked outrage and resistance in the Thirteen Colonies and were important developments in the growth of the American Revolution.. Was a direct response to the boston tea party. colonists view the acs as an arbitary violation of their rights and in 1774 organized the first continental congress to coordinate a protest. |
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| necessary and proper clause |
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| a clause in the United States Constitution, article VI, paragraph 2.The clause establishes the Constitution, Federal Statutes, and U.S. treaties as "the supreme law of the land". The text establishes these as the highest form of law in the American legal system, mandating that state judges uphold them, even if state laws or constitutions conflict |
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| A scotish moral philosopher and a pioneer of political economy. Wrote the wealth of nations which is considered his magnus opus and the first modern work of economics. known as the father of economics |
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