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History 1302 - Test 1
Chapters 15-18
46
History
Undergraduate 2
10/06/2015

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Cards

Term
"Buffalo Bill" Cody
Definition
Considered the best buffalo hunter & a great theatrical showman w/ Annie Oakley as his star(sharpshooter). He also served the Union in the Civil war.
Term
Jacob Riis
Definition
A Danish Immigrant who lives in poor conditions in N.Y. and begins to write and photograph the harsh living conditions. Wrote "How the other half lives." This caused Theodore Roosevelt, the police commissioner to make changes.
Term
Eugene Debs
Definition
A socialist who fought for the common man & ran for presidency against Woodrow Wilson in 1912. He co-founded the Wobblies/IWW, and was jailed for his hate for WWII.
Term
William Jennings Bryant
Definition
Gave Cross of Gold speech that favored free silver. Lost presidency as a democrat in 1900 to McKinley and 1908 to Taft.
Term
"King" Richard Croker
Definition
An Irish-American politician who was leader of Tammany Hall that took bribes and money from people who were in debt to him and became wealthy. He was never caught or jailed for it.
Term
Exodusters
Definition
African Americans who migrated along Mississippi river to Kansas area. 1st migration of blacks following Civil war. Caused from Jim crow laws & KKK.
Term
Ma, Ma, Where's my Pa.
Definition
A campaign slogan(1884) used by James Blaine from Maine against opponent Grover Cleveland for not being a father figure.
Term
Second Industrial Revolution
Definition
Big bussiness/robber barons formed and grew during a period after the civil war(1840-1860).
Term
Ida Wells
Definition
Born a slave, she formed an anti-lynching campaign and wrote about it.
Term
Coxey's Army
Definition
Wanted jobs during 1893 depression from gov't. He goes to Washington but gets arrested for walking on the grass & his followers broke up and no jobs were gained from his efforts.
Term
Horatio Alger
Definition
A writer who wrote "rags to riches" stories which reflected his own life.
Term
John Muir
Definition
A conservationist who wanted nature and wildlife preservation.Got president Roosevelt to go to Yosemite park and influenced the expansion of national parks(member of Sierra Club).
Term
Haymarket Affair
Definition
A violent protest for labor rights in Chicago that led to a violent bombing that was blamed on anarchist who were put to death.
Term
Robber Barons
Definition
(aka industrialists) a businessman in 19th century who engaged in unethical monopolistic, widespread political influences; were also very wealthy. Ex. John Rockefeller, Cornelius Vanderbilt, Carnegie, J.P. Morgan etc.
Term
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Definition
: Created a transportation empire that made him the wealthiest American in mid-19th century; nicknamed the Commodore. He also owned much of the railroad industry in the late 1860’s
Term
Wobblies
Definition
The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) was an international, radical labor union founded in 1905. It welcomed all workers and leaders are Mother Mary Jones, William “Big Bill” Haywood.
Term
15th amendment
Definition
Gave AA men the right to vote; all citizens had equal rights to vote on account of race, color, servitude. Passed in 1870 it proved unexecuted due to literacy test & poll taxes.
Term
Upton Sinclair, "The Jungle"
Definition
Upton was a journalist who wrote on the harsh conditions for immigrants as well as exposed mistreatment of workers in the meat packing industry in his book the Jungle in 1906. This caused the Pure Food and Drug Act & the Meat Inspection Act to pass in 1906.
Term
Muckrakers
Definition
were journalist, novelists, critics who tried to expose the abuses of business and corruption in politics. Ex. Ida Tarbell, Samuel Adams, Upton Sinclair. This was also said to influence the progressive movement.
Term
Gilded Age
Definition
the time between the Civil War and World War I during which the U.S. population and economy grew quickly, there was a lot of political corruption and corporate financial misdealings. Labor unions also grew then. Term came from mark twain
Term
George Custer
Definition
A Military commander and general in 1876 who led the battle of bull run and became recognized but later died at Little bighorn with 210 men (custers last stand).
Term
Populist (peoples) Party
Definition
wanted to regulate/abolish national banks, and help farmers who were suffering to low prices and poor conditions(against white supremecy). Populist candidate James Weaver.
Term
Homestead Strike
Definition
1892 strike in steel plant in Pennsylvania under Andrew Carnegie left many dead or wounded. Private police (pinkerton) were called to end strikers but strikers stopped pinkertons so state troops were called and stopped the strikers. Strikers ended with less pay
Term
Ghost Dance
Definition
was a dance by native Americans that was done to help solve their problems.
Term
Atlanta Compromise
Definition
An agreement from Booker T of the Tuskegee instittee and other AA leaders. Booker wanted vocational education for economic security; also gradual equality.
Term
Great Migration
Definition
Relocated 6 million African Americans from rural south to urban cities in the north and west from 1916 to 1970.
Term
Booker T Washington
Definition
Born a slave. 1st African American invited into the White House. Attended Hampton Institute. Leader of Tuskegee Institute. Advisor to Theo Roosevelt. Wanted vocational education and gradual equality for blacks.
Term
W.E.B DuBois
Definition
1st African American to receive a Ph.D. from Harvard. 1905 Niagara Movement. Co-founder of NAACP. Member of Communist party. Opposed Atlanta compromise.
Term
Buffalo Soldiers
Definition
African American soldiers stationed in the West.
Term
Chinese workforce(coolies)
Definition
Most workers of the Central Pacific part of the transcontinental railroad going eastward from sacramento.
Term
Frederick Turner Declared in 1893
Definition
The frontier had officially ended.
Term
Irish and German workforce
Definition
Workers who built Union Pacific part of the transcontinental railroad from omaha, nebraska to the west.
Term
Wounded Knee, Dakota territory
Definition
Place of last conflict between U.S. Army and Native Americans.
Term
Redeemers
Definition
Conservative, pro businessmen in the south who belonged to the democratic party. Also called the bourbons.
Term
methods to farm after civil war
Definition
sharecropping, small farms owned by whites, tenant farming
Term
Dawes Act
Definition
Wanted to deemphasize the native american culture & tradition. Gave citizens 160 acres of land for a small fee. Tried to break up reservations.
Term
Chinese exclusion act
Definition
forbade any chinese citizen from entering the U.S. for 10 years.
Term
Barbed Wire
Definition
helped end the open range(cattle drives)
Term
vertical integration
Definition
a leader owns many businesses that meet different needs.
Term
horizontal integration
Definition
A leader owns many businesses doing the same service.
Term
Jay Gould
Definition
A railroad robber baron that bought, fixed and resold old railroads.
Term
Interstate Commerce Act
Definition
1887 act signed by Grover Cleveland that started the Interstate Commerce Commission.
Term
Sherman Antitrust act
Definition
Stopped Monopolies among business from occurring.
Term
National Labor Union
Definition
The 1st Nat'l Labor federation in the U.S.
Term
Blacklists
Definition
list of people who shouldn't be allowed to work.
Term
Scab
Definition
A worker replacing a worker who is on strike
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