Home > Flashcards > Women's & Gender Studies > Histo of Female Repro Tract

Details Title: Histo of Female Repro Tract Description: 4.18.07 Total Flash Cards: 33 Created: 04/23/2007 12:33:54	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term What are the female repro system functions? Definition Female gamete production; Male gamete reception; Provide environment for fertilization; Provide environment for implantation; Nourishes fetus Expels mature fetus at the end of pregnancy Term Where are the follicles in the ovary? Definition Follicles (F) are in cortex while the medulla (M) is highly vascular Term What is the cycle that happens in the ovary? Definition 1. primordial follicle. 2. primary. 3. secondary. 4. mature follicle. 5. ovulation 6. corpora lutea 7. covering epithelium, 7 atretic follicle Term What type of epithelial cells are on the surface of the ovary? Definition Single layer of epithelial cells (E) on the surface Term What encapsulates the ovary? Definition The fibrous tunica albuginea (TA) encapsulates the ovary Term What is a primordial follicle? Definition Primordial follicles (PF) have a primary oocyte surrounded by a single layer of follicular cells Term what is a primary follicle? Definition Primary follicles have been stimulated to grow with the oocyte (O1) enlarging and follicular cells multiplying; the zona pellucida (ZP) forms between oocyte and follicular/granulosa cells Term How does a secondary follicle form? Definition The zona granulosa (ZG) proliferates & a fluid filled space (follicular antrum, FA) appears The theca folliculi differentiates into two layers: theca interna (TI) & theca externa (TE) TI cells secrete androstenedione, which is transferred to the follicular cells for testosterone production, testosterone is converted to estradiol TE is connective tissue capsule-like layer, continuous with ovarian stroma Term What doe the theca folliculi differentiate into? Definition The theca folliculi differentiates into two layers: theca interna (TI) & theca externa (TE) Term What do TI cells do? Definition TI cells secrete androstenedione, which is transferred to the follicular cells for testosterone production, testosterone is converted to estradiol Term What do TE cells do? Definition TE is connective tissue capsule-like layer, continuous with ovarian stroma Term when does a mature follicle complete its first meitotic %? Definition The mature/graafian follicle completes the first meiotic division right before ovulation and then commences the second meiotic division where it arrests in metaphase until fertilization The fluid filled antrum (FA) is greatly enlarged and the oocyte (O2) is surrounded by the corona radiata (CR) Term when does the graafian follicle complete its second meitotic division? Definition at fertilization Term when can follicular atresia occur? Definition Follicular atresia occurs at any point in the cycle; Both the oocyte (O) and the granulosa cells (G) are degenerating in this case of early atresia Term What characterizes advanced atresia? Definition Advanced atresia is characterized by gross thickening of the basement membrane between the granulosa cells and the theca interna--called glassy membrane (GM) Term what do follicular/granulosa cells give rise to? Definition follicular lutein cells. they also secrete progesterone and estrogen. Term that do theca interna cells give rise to and secrete? Definition they give rise to theca lutein cells and secrete androstenedione and progesterone Term what is corpus albicans? Definition Inactive fibrous tissue mass that forms following the involution of the corpus luteum Term where does fertilization usually take place? Definition in the ampulla of the ovaduct Term does the ampulla of the ovaduct have muscle? Definition yes. It has a muscular wall. Term What type of cells does the ampulla have? Definition It has cilliated and non cilliated epithelium. Term What do the non-ciliated cells produce? Definition a secretion that is propelled towards the uterus by cilliade cells Term What is a tubal ectopic pregnancy? Definition Fertilized ovum implants in oviduct Term What are the 3 layers of the uterus? Definition 1. Outer serosa/adventitia 2. Myometrium: smooth muscle bundles separated by connective tissue 3. Endometrium (mucosa): consists of epithelium and lamina propria containing simple tubular glands Term What are 2 layers of the endometrium? Definition 1. Functionalis: sloughed off during menstruation and replaced during each cycle 2. Basalis: retained after menstruation and subsequently proliferates and provides a new epithelium and lamina propria Term Describe the myometrium: Definition The bulk of the myometrium consists of smooth muscle which is composed of interlacing bundles of long slender fibres arranged in ill-defined layers Term What Changes in the Myometrium of the Uterus During Pregnancy? Definition Hyperplasia; Hypertrophy; Increase in collagen Term What changes in the endometrium? Definition Proliferative endometrium: stroma proliferates and glands extend to surface; Secretive endometrium: marked by ovulation and production of glycogen-rich secretion; Menstruation: in absence of implantation and progesterone functionalis is shed Term What are the 3 layers of the vagina? Definition Mucosa: stratified squamous epithelium, glycogen lamina propria, loose connective tissue; Muscular layer: bundles of smooth muscle; Adventitia: dense connective tissue rich in elastic fibers Term what is the breast? Definition tubular aveolar gland divided into LOBES that have ducts. 15-20 lobes per breast and equal number of ducts surrounded by connective tissue and adipose tissue Term What are the changes in the mammary gland? Definition 1. nonpregnant--inactive duct system. 2. during pregnancy: alveoli proliferate at the ends of the duct. 3. lactating: milk secretion and accumulation in alveolar lumen Term where is milk produced? Definition by the epithelial cells of the aveoli during lactation Term What is in milk? Definition Lipid droplets: Pass into the lumen at the apical surface, enveloped by cell membrane. constitute 4% of milk. Membrane-limited vacuoles: Proteins are released into the lumen by exocytosis, proteins include caseins and alpha-lactalbumin