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Heme
Anemia ect
11
Nursing
Graduate
04/27/2013

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Cards

Term
Routine Screening
Definition

1) newborn screen to detect sickle cell disease/trait

2)9-12 mo when fetal stores or depleted

3) menstrating adolescents

4) lead screening at 1 year

Term
Anemia
Definition
Reducting in circulation of RBCS
Term
Macrocytic anemia
Definition

Vitamin B 12 deficiency****

Folate deficiency

Aplastic anemia

correction of dietary supplements is tx of choice

Term
Microcytic anemia
Definition

MOST COMMON ANEMIA IN CHILDREN

  1. anemia of chronic disease
  2. Iron deficiency anemia
  3. Thalassemia
  4. Congenital disorder
  5. Lead poisoning
  6. Blood loss
  7. Infection
  8. Cancer
Term

Iron Deficency Anemia

 

Microcytic Anemia***

Definition

Hgb or Hct >2 SD below normal

  • rare before 6mo
  • due to insufficent dietary iron for expandign blood volume
  • Lab values: microcytic, low mcv, low rbc, high rdw, low ferritin
  • clinical manifestations: Pallor (gums), decreased energy, irritability, tachycardia, systolic murmur.
  • Mgmt: Elemental iron 4-6mg/kg/day divided in to 1-3 doses daily. Recheck H&H monthly should rise 1g/dl continue for 2-4 months after return to normal.
Term
Hemophilia A
Definition

Factor VIII deficiency

x-linked

mostly males

Term
Von Willebrand
Definition
Most common genetic bleeding disorder
Term

Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia

(ITP)

Definition
  • Most common acquired platelet disorder
  • Immune response usuall seen after viral illness
  • Diagnosis of exclusion
  • Plt count <20,000
  • Classic signs: purpura, petechiae, mucocutaneous bleeding
Term

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura

(HSP)

 

Definition

Boys ages 2-7 fall and spring, follows URI

corps of maculopapules that progress to purpuric rash on lower extremities and buttocks; joint and bowel inflammtion.

Term

You have ordered a red blood cell indices for a 10 year old girl. Results reveal a decrase in both the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and the mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Differential diagnosis should include:

a) sickle cell anemia

b) Vitmain B 12 deficiency anemia

c) Pernicious anemia

d) Iron deficency anemia

Definition
d)Iron defiency anemia is the most likely diagnosis of anemia characterized by microcytois (decrased MCV) and hypochromia (decrased MCH).
Term

You have prescribed iron supplements for a 3-year-old-child when instructing the parents about how to give the iron it is important to tell them that iron:

a) is best absorbed on an empty stomach

b) is best absorbed when given with meals

c) is best abosrbed when given with milk

d) should not be given with bedtime

Definition
a) About twice as much iron is absorbed on an empty somach as at meal time.
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