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Hematopathology
Hematopoiesis, Anemias, Leukemias, Lymphomas
8
Pathology
Graduate
12/08/2009

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Term
stem cells
Definition
earliest hematopoietic progenitor cells. characterized by: 1) self renewal 2)differentiation
Term
Erythropoietin
Definition
a classic example of a hematopoietic growth factor; produced by specialized peritubular cells in the kidney; amount produced is based on the delivery of oxygen to the cells; decreased oxygen = increased EPO
Term
sites of hematopoiesis
Definition
yolk sac --> liver and spleen --> bone marrow (only site after birth)
with increasing age, decreases in long bones of extremities first
Term
indications for bone marrow examination
Definition
anemia, neutropenia, or thrombocytopenia; leukemia; metastatic neoplasms; selected infectious diseases
Term
tests on bone marrow aspirate
Definition
marrow cellularity estimate (biopsy is better);
myeloid: erythroid ration (normally 3:1)
maturation of all hematopoietic lineages
evaluation of "low frequency" elements (i.e. plasma cells, lymphocytes, histiocytes)
iron stores
foreign cells (biopsy may be better for some)
microorganisms
Term
tests on bone marrow core biopsy
Definition
cellularity
general maturation of hematopoietic lineages (aspirate is better for detailed examination)
fibrosis (core biopsy specimen only)
foreign cells
granulomas (biopsy only)
microorganisms
bone morphology
Term
definition of anemia
Definition
a reduction in the total circulating red blood cell mass, which results in a reduction in the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood
Term
variables affecting CBC values
Definition
men > women; newborns > school-age; high altitude living increases EPO; prolonged bed rest decreases values; stress or extreme exercise increases; dehydration increases; overhydration decreases
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