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Harrison College MGT2000
Vocabulary - Chapter 7
33
Business
Undergraduate 1
05/06/2016

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Term
Organizational innovation
Definition
the successful implementation of creative ideas in an organization
Term
Technology cycle
Definition
a cycle that begins with the birth of a new technology and ends when that technology reaches its limits and is replaced by a newer, substantially better technology
Term
S-curve pattern of innovation
Definition
a pattern of technological innovation characterized by slow initial progress, then rapid progress, and then slow progress again as technology matures and reaches its limits
Term
Innovation streams
Definition
patterns of innovation over time that can create sustainable competitive advantage
Term
Technological discontinuity
Definition
the phase of innovation stream in which a scientific advance or unique combination of existing technologies creates a significant breakthrough in performance or function
Term
Discontinuous change
Definition
the phase of a technology cycle characterized by technological substitution and design competition
Term
Technological substitution
Definition
the purchase of new technologies to replace older ones
Term
Design competition
Definition
competition between old and new technologies to establish a new technological standard or dominant design
Term
Dominant design
Definition
a new technological design or process that becomes the accepted market standard
Term
Technological lockout
Definition
the inability of a company to competitively sell its products because it relies on old technology or a nondominant design
Term
Incrememental change
Definition
the phase of a technology cycle in which companies innovate by lowering costs and improving the functioning and performance of the dominant technological design
Term
Creative work environment
Definition
workplace cultures in which workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed, valued, and encouraged
Term
Flow
Definition
a psychological state of effortlessness, in which you become completely absorbed in what you're doing and time seems to pass quickly
Term
Experiential approach to innovation
Definition
an approach to innovation that assumes a highly uncertain environment and uses intuition, flexible options, and hands-on experience to reduce uncertainty and accelerate learning and understanding
Term
Design restoration
Definition
a cycle of repetition in which a company tests a prototype of a new product or service, improves on that design, and then builds and tests the improved prototype
Term
Product prototype
Definition
a full-scale working model that is being tested for design, function, and reliability
Term
Testing
Definition
the systematic comparison of different product designs or design iterations
Term
Milestones
Definition
formal project review points used to assess progress and performance
Term
Multifunctional teams
Definition
work teams composed of people from different departments
Term
Compression approach to innovation
Definition
an approach to innovation that assumes that incremental innovation can be planned using a series of steps and that compressing those steps can speed innovation
Term
Generational change
Definition
change based on incremental improvements to a dominant technological design such that the improved technology is fully backward compatible with the older technology
Term
Organizational decline
Definition
a large decrease in organizational performance that occurs when companies don't anticipate, recognize, neutralize, or adapt to the internal or external pressures that threaten their survival
Term
Change forces
Definition
forces that produce differences in the form, quality, or condition of an organization over time
Term
Resistance forces
Definition
forces that support the existing conditions in organizations
Term
Resistance to change
Definition
opposition to change resulting from self-interest, misunderstanding and distrust, and a general intolerance for change
Term
Unfreezing
Definition
getting the people affected by change to believe that change is needed
Term
Change intervention
Definition
the process used to get workers and managers to change their behaviors and work practices
Term
Refreezing
Definition
supporting and reinforcing new changes so that they stick
Term
Coercion
Definition
the use of formal power and authority to force others to change
Term
Results-driven change
Definition
change created quickly by focusing on the measurement and improvement of results
Term
General Electric workout
Definition
a three-day meeting in which managers and employees from different levels and parts of an organization quickly generate and act on solutions to specific business problems
Term
Organizational development
Definition
a philosophy and collection of planned change interventions designed to improve an organization's long-term health and performance
Term
Change agent
Definition
the person formally in charge of guiding a change effort
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