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HA100 Art History Unit 1
Test 1
56
Art History
Undergraduate 1
09/23/2012

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Term
Art
Definition
1) Human effort to imitate, supplement, alter, or counteract the work of nature
or
2) Conscious arrangement or production of sounds, colors, forms, movements or other elements in a way that affects the aesthetic sense: production of the beautiful in a graphic or plastic medium
Term
Formal Analysis
Definition
Systematic Description of the visual elements of the work
Term
Composition
Definition
Distinctive Arrangement of elements in the work
Term
Iconography
Definition
imagery or symbolism in a work of art or body of work, also the branch of art history concerned with the identification and interpretation of same
Term
Interpretation
Definition
Explanation or Attribution of meaning - must be based on visible features of the art work and supported by available external evidence
Term
Convention
Definition
In art, an established practice or device (IE: Heroic Nudity)

A traditional way of representing forms
Term
Symbol
Definition
Image or object that stands for something else
Term
Content
Definition
Meaning in cultural context (Do not confuse subject matter with content! The latter is
much larger than the former.)
Term
Culture
Definition
totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns, artistic practices, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work and thought in a particular time and place
Term
Context
Definition
surrounding
conditions and circumstances
Term
Stele
Definition
Vertical stone slab decorated with inscriptions or relief carving
Term
Twisted Pose/Perspective
Definition
The head is shown in profile, the torso frontally, and the hips and legs in profile.
Term
Hieratic Scale
Definition
The use of different sizes for significant or holy figures and those of the every day world to indicate relative importance. The larger the figure, the greater its importance.
Term
Narrative
Definition
A picture that recounts an event drawn from a story, either factual or fictional
Term
Subject Matter
Definition
What the piece is depicting
Term
ka
Definition
spirit or life force (housed in mummy)
Term
Cuneiform
Definition
An early form of writing with wedge-shaped marks impressed into wet clay with a stylus, used primarily by ancient Mesopotamians
Term
Humanism
Definition
"Man is the measure of all things"
Term
polis
Definition
independent city state
Term
democracy
Definition
ruled by the people
Term
Black-Figure Technique
Definition
a technique of ancient greek pottery in which black figures are painted on a red clay ground
Term
Slip
Definition
Mixture of clay and water
Term
entasis
Definition
a slight swelling of the shaft of a greek column that imparts a sense of energy and upward lift
Term
Tessera
Definition
Colored piece of stone, glass, or ceramic used in making a mosaic
Term
Foreshortening
Definition
The illusion created on a flat surface in which figures and objects appear to recede or project sharply into space. (Perspective)
Term
Modeling
Definition
In painting, the process of creating the illusion of 3d on a 2d surface by the use of light and shade
Term
Masonry
Definition
Cut stone used for building
Term
Arcade
Definition
Row of arches
Term
Idealization
Definition
A process in art through which artists strive to make their forms and figures attain perfection, based on pervading cultural values and/or their own personal ideals
Term
Allegory
Definition
Figures stand for ideas or concepts
Term
Representational
Definition
Depicting physical appearance OR Any art that attempts to depict an aspect of the external, natural world in a visually understandable way
Term
Figurative
Definition
Depicts human beings
Term
Patron
Definition
Financial supporter of an art work or artist
Term
Chalice
Definition
cup for wine in Eucharist
Term
Iconic
Definition
A picture that expresses or embodies an intangible concept or diea
Term
Veneration vs Idolatry
Definition
Images borne on icons were
thought to act as intermediaries between worshipers and the holy personages depicted.
Term
Stylization / Stylized
Definition
A manner of representation that conforms to an intellectual or artistic idea rather than to a lifelike description of natural appearance
Term
Iconoclasm
Definition
The banning and/ord descrution of icons and religious images
Term
Calligraphy
Definition
Beautiful writing
Term
Book of Durrow page order
Definition
Evangelist's symbol (Peter), Carpet Page (decorative), Incipit (beginning of text)
Term
Gospels
Definition
Four books of the New Testament telling the story of Jesus's life and teachings
Term
Evangelists
Definition
Authors of the Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke, John)
Term
Evangelist
Definition
Derives from the Greek for "bringer of good news"
Term
Symbols of the Evangelists (seen in art)
Definition
ALOE
Angel or Man - Matthew
Lion - Mark
Ox - Luke
Eagle - John
Term
Tonsure
Definition
Monk's haircut
Term
Archaic Smile
Definition
The curved lips of an ancient greek statue from the period 600-480 BC, usually interpreted as a way of animating facial features.
Term
Canon of Proportions
Definition
A set of ideal mathetmatical ratios in art based on measurements, as in the proportional relationships among the basic elements of the human body.
Term
Contrapposto
Definition
the classical convention of representing standing human figures with opposing alternations of relaxing on each side of a central axis.
Term
Expressionism
Definition
Styles in which aspects of a work of art are exaggerated to evoke subjective responses rather than to portray objective reality or seek a rational response
Term
Tetrarchy
Definition
Ruled by four
Term
Trabeated/Trabeation
Definition
Supported through post-and-lintel
Term
Arcuated/Arcuation
Definition
Supported through arches
Term
Codex, Verso, Recto
Definition
Codex - traditional book. Front is known as recto, back known as verso. Can be reversed if a book is read from right to left instead of left to right.
Term
Illumination
Definition
Illustration in a manuscript
Term
Parchment and Vellum.
Definition
A writing surface made from treated skins of animals. Very fine parchment is known as Vellum.
Term
Scriptorium
Definition
Room in a monastery housing a workshop for writing or copying manuscripts
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