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H2P final 1
Ramayana
25
History
Undergraduate 1
12/13/2010

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Term
adharma
Definition
opposite of dharma, "that which is not in accord with the law" (human and divine), unnatural immorality, assoc. w Hinduism
Term
Agni
Definition
important Hindu diety and Vedic (Indo-Aryan) god, supreme god in Rig Veda, god of fire and acceptor of sacrifices, second only to Indra and is symbol of knowledge
Term
Bharata
Definition
son of Dasaratha and Kiakeyi and brother of Rama (sort of like Rama's equal but with another mother), cousin of  Sita through marriage, forced into ruling Ayodhya while Rama was exiled, ruled riteously but acted as Rama's representative instead of a king
Term
bow test
Definition
Rama wins Sita (Ramayana), Drona teaches Arjuna (Mahabarata), Arjuna wins Draupadi (but he didn't wed her immediately - Pashva bros took her, Arj. exiled, etc), "fight to win" when bowman comes against teacher
Term
Brahma
Definition
Hindu god of creation, in trinity with Vishnu and Shiva, in Ramayana he is the god everyone goes to when they're in need, born from a lotus and always depicted sitting on one
Term
Kumbhakarna
Definition
Ravana's huge brother, slept for the majority of his life until Ravana woke him up for help fighting Rama, weakened Rama and injured Hanuman in war, eventually killed by Rama
Term
Garuda
Definition
large predatory bird, represents face of Hanuman facing west, named King of the Birds by Narayana (Vishnu), Rama told his story to Sita in Ramayana
Term
Guha
Definition
born from Shiva and Agni, attacked by Indra but Shiva saves him, marries Indra's daughter, narrates part of Ramayana
Term
Indra
Definition
Hindu King of the Devas or Lord of Heavens, thought himself of great power, captured and embarassed by Indrajit, lost war of heaven to Ravana
Term
Hanuman
Definition
monkey-like supporter of Rama, significant in war against Ravana, rescues Sita from Ravana after he kidnapped her, brought an entire mountain to the battlefield once to locate a specific herb to save Lakshmana
Term
Indrajit
Definition
name means "victor over Indra," Ravana's son who captures Indra, gave Indra to Bhrama in exchange for immortality, was actually given a chariot that made him undefeatable which he used to kill Lakshmana
Term
Jambavan
Definition
leader of monkey-creatures who assist Rama, created by Brahma to help defeat Ravana, encourages Hanuman to make his leap to get Sita, helped find herb for Lakshmana
Term
Kaikeyi
Definition
Dasaratha's wife and Bharata's mother, saved D's life so he granted her two boons, used these later (under suggestion of servant Adyohya) to force Bharata to be king and to exile Rama, everyone hates her
Term
Kausalya
Definition
Dasaratha's wife and Rama's mother, daughter of King of Kosala kingdom, tried to convince Rama not to leave for his exile but he refused
Term
Lakshmana
Definition
Rama's brother, steadfast and always at his brother's side, willing to die for him (and does eventually), serves him and Sita faithfully over the course of the exile but sort of resents Sita's silliness
Term
Mandodari
Definition
Ravana's queen and mother to Indrajit, known for her beauty, righteousness, and love for Ravana despite his wickedness, daughter of King of Demons, after Ravana's death Rama encourages her to marry Vibhishana
Term
Nala
Definition
chosen by Damayanti to be her husband, gods wanted to test D so they became identical to this person, D had to choose correct one and did bc he floated and didn't blink or sweat
Term
Nandin
Definition
wish-granting cow, name means "the delightful," sacred white bull of Shiva
Term
Narayana
Definition
Sanskrit name for Vishnu, identified as this in Mahabarata, also known as 'original man' (Purushna), ALSO known as part of Krishna (avatar of Vishnu)
Term
Purusha
Definition
man dismantled by gods to create earth (in Rigveda), made up the sun, moon, stars, and earth, "original man" of Hindu folklore, source of women and four castes of Hindu society
Term
Rama
Definition
son of Dasaratha and Kausalya, seen as perfect man, in line for throne after D but was exiled, married Sita after bow test and kills Ravana in epic quest to rescue her when R kidnaps her
Term
Ravana
Definition
King of Lanka, evil demon king who destroys kingdom of heaven, kidnaps Sita, Rama kills him and ends his reign of terror on world, beginning of Ramayana explains how he systematically took over all nations (some fought some didn't)
Term
Sita
Definition
won by Rama after bow test, accompanied him during exile, abandoned and gave away all her material things to go to the forest, kidnapped by Ravana when he tricked her into thinking he was a hermit, Rama left her in the forest pregnant w twins
Term
Sugriva
Definition
monkey creature helping Rama, son of Sun god, thought brother Vali died in battle with demon but was exiled for his mistake, made a deal with Rama promising to help him find Sita if Rama helped him defeat Vali and become king
Term
Vaishravana
Definition
Buddhist character derived from Hindu god, one of four great Hindu kings who rule directions, rules northern area, a yielding god ("you have not come here to rob me")
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