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gp1
general practice
98
Sociology
Graduate
10/04/2009

Additional Sociology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
voluntary clients
Definition
those who apply for service
Term
social work assessments include:
Definition

exploration of multiple concerns expressed by clients

circumstances that might involve legally mandated intervention or concerns about health or safety

other potential problems that emerge from assessmnet

Term
Mission of Social Work
Definition
to enhance human well being and help meet the basic human needs of all people with paticular attention to the needs and empowermenet of people who are vulnerable, oppressed and living in poverty.
Term
What is social justice?
Definition
Refers to the creation of social institutions that support the welfare of individuals and gruops.
Term
What is economic justice?
Definition
those aspects of social justice that relate to economic well being, such as livable wage, pay equity, job discrimnationa dn social security
Term
Name 5 social work values named by nasw
Definition

1. regard for individual worth and dignity and are advance dby mutual participation, acceptance, confidentiality, honesty and responsible handling of conflict.

2.Respect individuals right to make independent decisions adn to particpate actively in helping procvess

3. committed to assisting client systems to obtian needed resources

4. strive to make social institutions more humane and response to human needs

5. demonstrate respect for and acceptance of unique characteristics of diverse populations

Term
What is a code of ethics?
Definition
consists of principles that define expectations of each professions's members.  Specifices rules of conduct to which members must adhere.
Term
What does the code of ethics do?
Definition

1. safeguards reputation of a professional byu providing explicit criterira that cna be employed to regulate behavior of members

2. furthers competent and reponsible practice by its members

3. protects the public from exploitation by incompetent or unscrupulous practitioners.

Term
What are the EPA's competencies
Definition

1. students id themselves as professional sw's and act according

2. apply sw principles to guide practice

3. apply critical thinking to inform and communicate professional judgements

4. be aware of diversity and cultural difference

5. advance human rights and social justice

6. engage in research informed practice and practice informed research

8. knowledge and skills in evaluation

7. apply knowledge of human behavior and teh social environment

9. field education

Term
What is habitat?
Definition
the places where organisms live and consists of the physical and social settings within paticular cultural contexts.
Term
What is niche?
Definition
the statuses or roles occupied by members of the community
Term
Ecological systems model must assess..
Definition
how people and environmental systems influence one another.
Term
It is clear from the ecological systmes perspective that...
Definition
the satisfaction of human needs and mastery of developmental tasks require adequate resources in the environment and positive transactions between people and their environments.
Term
what is a target system?
Definition
the focus of change efforts
Term
what is the client system?\
Definition
those persons who request or are expected to benefit from services
Term
what is the action system?
Definition
those formal or informal resources and persons that the sw needs to cooperate with to accomplish a purpose
Term
What is the agency system?
Definition
a special subset of an action system that includes the practitioners and formal service systems ivolved in work on the target problems.
Term
What is the principle of equifinality?
Definition
the same outcome can be acheived even with different starting point
Term
What is the principle of multifinality?
Definition
suggests that the beginning form the same starting points may end in different outcomes
Term
What is empirically based practice?
Definition
promoting models of practice based on scientific evidence?
Term
What is the process model?
Definition
consistent with the medical definition of evidenced based practice and focuses on the practices of the individual practitioner. The practitioner learns how to formulate a questions that is answerablwe with data about his or her work with a client. Based on that question, that practitioner gains access to appropriate empirical literature.
Term
What is direct practice?
Definition
includes work with individuals, couples, families and gruops.
Term
what is clinical practice?
Definition
synonymous with direct practice.  defined as the provision of mental health services for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mental, behavioral and emotional disorders in ind., families and groups
Term
What is the philosopy of direct practice?
Definition

problems experienced by sw clients stem from lack of resources, knowledge, and skills

2. sw negotiate systems and advocate for change to ensure their clients obtain access to their rights, resource and treatment with dignity

3.self determination

4.

Term
System Linkage Roles
Definition

1. Broker

2. Case Mgr

3. Mediator

4. Client advocate

Term
Systems Maintenance and Enhancement
Definition

1. Organizational Analyst

2. facilitator expediter

3.team member

4. consultant

5. supervisor

Term
systems development
Definition

1. program developer

2.planner

3. policy and procedure developer

advocate

Term
The Helping Process - what are the phases?
Definition

Phase 1 - exploration, engagement, assessment and planning

Phase 2 - Implementation and Goal attainment

Phase 3- Termination

Term
What does Phase 1: of helping process involve?
Definition

1. exploring clients problems

2. establishing rapport

3. formulating multidimensional assesment of the problem

4. mutually negotiating goals

5. making referrals

Term
what does the socialization proces involve?
Definition
identifying the kinds of concersn wiht which the sw and agency can help, client rights including confidentiality and cirmcumstances in which it might be abridged and info about what behavior to expect from sw and client
Term
social workers establish rapport when they relate to clients with...
Definition
empathy and authenticity
Term
What is empathy?
Definition
being able to foster rapport and how the client the sw understands what they are expressing.  Thus, uncouraging more openness.
Term
what does an adequate assessment include?
Definition
analysis of the problem, the persons and the ecological context.
Term
what does analysis of the individual system include?
Definition
assessment of the client's wants and needs, cpoing capacity, strengths and limitations, and motivation to work on the problems.
Term
what are systems that often affect cleints' needs?
Definition
couple, familyt and social support systems, spritual belief systems, child care, health care and employment systems; various institutions and the physical environment.
Term
why are cultural facts vital in ecological assessment?
Definition
because personal and social needs and hte menas of satisfying them vary widely from culture to culture.  Moreover, the resources that can be tapped to meet clients' needs vary according to cultural contexts.
Term
what's involved in negotiating  goals?
Definition
this mutual process aims to identify what needs to be changed and what related actions need to be taken to resolve or amelioirate the problematic situation.
Term
What position does the solutions focused approach take?
Definition
goals are central when working with clients
Term
What does Phase 2 of the helping process involve?
Definition
translating the plans formulated jointly by the social worker and individual clients, couples, families or groups into actions. IN short the participants combine their efforts inworkinjg toward the goal assigned the highest priority.
Term
What is self efficacy?
Definition
an expectation or belief that one can successfully accomplish tasks or perform behaviors associated with specific goals
Term
what is one of the most powerful means of acheiving self efficacy?
Definition
to assist clients in acutally performing cetain behaviors prerequisite to accomplishing their goals.  Another way is to make clients aware of their strenghts and to recognize incremental progress.
Term
what are the 3 major aspects of Phase 3, the termination phase involve?
Definition

assessing when the clienbt goals have been attained

2. heping the client develop strategies that maintain change and continue to growth following termination

3. successfully terminating the helping relationship

Term
what is the structure of the interivew?
Definition

1. Purpose - to exchange information systematically with a view toward illumating and solving problems, promoting growth, or planning strategies or actions aimed at improving the quality of life of people

2.

Term
what is motivational congruence?
Definition
the fit between the client motivation and what the sw provides.
Term
what are values?
Definition
preferred conceptions or bleiefs about how things out to be
Term
how is acceptance conveyed?
Definition
by responding sensitively to the clients' feelings; by using facial expressions voice intonations, and getstures that convey interest and concerns; and by extending courtesies and attending to the clients comfort.
Term
what is countertransferance?
Definition
the ways that a worker's experiences and emotional reactions influence his or her perceptions of and interactions with a client.
Term
what is a code of ethics?
Definition
the emodiment of a profession's values. They set forth principles and standards for behavior of members of that profession.
Term
what are the 4 primary areas of ethical responsibility for social workers according to the NASW code of ethics?
Definition

1. self determination

2. informed consent

3. maintenance of client worker boundaries

4. confidentiality

Term
what is self determination?
Definition
the practical recognition of the right and need of clients to freedom in making their own choices and decisions.   These values are magnified when sw adopt a strengths oriented perspective
Term
what's a strengths' oriented perspective?
Definition
looking for positive qualities and undeveloped potential rather than pointing out limitations and past mistakes.
Term
what type of relationship afffirms self determination and supports growth?
Definition
a partnerhisp wherein the practitioner and the client are joined in a mutual search for solutions to problems or to promote growth.
Term
what is informed consent?
Definition
requires that sw use clear and understandable language to infomr clients of the purpsoe of the services, risks related to the services, limits to services because of requirements of a third party payer, relevant costs, reasonable alternatives, clients' right to refuse or withdraw consent, andthe time frame covered by the consent.
Term
what are boundaries?
Definition
lines of clear difference between the client and the sw in an effort to preserve the working relationship.
Term
what is ethical social work?
Definition
includes advocacy for changes in laws and policies that are discriminatory, unfair and unethical.
Term
why use a role induction interivew?
Definition
it increases the liklihood that clients will continue contact with the sw beyond the initial interview.
Term
what are the steps in role clarification?
Definition

1. determine your clients' expectations.

2. briefly explain the nature of the helping process, and define the client-sw relationshipo as partners seeking a solution to the clients difficulties.

Term
what should you do to modify clients' unrealistic expectations?
Definition

1. acknowledging and empathizing with the client';s unrealistic experctions and sense of urgency

2. expressing the sw's helpful intent

3. explaining why the client's unrealistic expectations cannot be fulfilled

4.as part of sw's expertise, clarifying the helping process and defining a working partnership that places responsibility on the client for actively participating and ultimately making choices as to the course of actions to be taken.

Term
how to clarify the clients role?
Definition

1. encourage them to be open in sharing feelings

2. encourage them to work between sessions

3. keep appointments

4. emphsize that difficulties are inherent in the process of making change.

Term
how do you clarify sw's role?
Definition

1. stress that you will be a partner in helping clients to understand their difficulties more fully.  Tell them that Imay be able to offer a fresh perspective. Stress that the client is ultimately responsible for final decisions.

2. emphasize that you plan to focus on strengths and incremenatal progress but at the same time will encourage them to recognize their own strengths.

3. intention to assist them in anticipating obstacles and your willingness to formulate strategies to surmount them.

4.

Term
what does empathic communication involve?
Definition
the ability of the sw to perceive accurately and sensitively the inner feelings of the client and to communicate his or her understanding of these feelings in a language attuned to the clinet's experiencing of the moment.
Term
What is the first dimension of empathy?
Definition
empathic recognition -a precondition of the second dimension, demonstreating through accurate relection of feelings that hte sw comprehends the client's inner experiencing.
Term
what does empathic communication involve?
Definition
stepping into the shoes of another in the senbse that the sw attempts to perceive the client's world and experiences.
Term
what is sympathetic responding?
Definition
supporting and condoning thge other person's feelings.
Term
what's the difference between empathic response vs. sympathetic response?
Definition
empathis involves understand the perons's feelings and circumstances wihtout taking the person's side.
Term
high level empathic responding takes place in two phases  - what are they?
Definition

1 a thinking process

2. a responding process

Term
what is the empathic communication scale?
Definition

Level 1. the social worker communicates little or no awareness or understanding of even the most conspicous of the client's feelings

Level 2.  social worker reponds to the surface message but erroneously omites feelings or factual aspects of the message.  May inappropriately qualify feelings.

Level 3. verbal and non verbal responses convey understanding that are interchangeable wiht cient's obvious expressions.

Level 4. somewhat additive responses and accurate reflect underlying feelings and aspect of problem

Level 5.

Term
How do you reach level 3 on the empathic scale?
Definition

1. you must be able to forumultate responses that accurately capture the conent and surface in the client message.

2.important to frame the message so you don;t merely restate the client's message.

Term
what paradigm should you use to identify the elements of a empathic reflective message.
Definition
You feel ______ about _________ because _____ (accurately id's or describes feelings).
Term
what are some ways you can employ reciprocal empathic responding?
Definition

1. establishing relationships with clients initial sessions

2. staying in touch wtih clients

3. accurately assessing client problems

4.responding to client non verbal message

5. making confrontations more palatable

6.handling obstacles presented by clients

7. managing anger and patterns of violence

 

 

Term
how to educate your clients in empathic communication
Definition

1. teach clients the paradigm for empathic responding

2. introduce clients to the list of words/phrases

3. intervene in sessions when clients fail to validate messages

4. give positive feedback when observing clients listening to eachother.

Term
what is self disclosure?
Definition
the sharing with the client of opinions, thoughts, feelings, reactions to the client and personal experiences of the practitioner
Term
what is authenticity?
Definition
the sharing of self by relatingin a natural, sincer, spontaneous and open genuine manner.
Term
What are the guidelines for responding authentically?
Definition

1. personalize messages by using the pronoun "I"

2. share feelings that lie at varying depths

3.describe thesituation or targeted behavior in neutral or descriptive tyerms

4. identify the specific impact of the problem situation or behavior on others

Term
how do you repond assertively in managing client's anger?
Definition

1. respond empathically to relfect client's anger and if possible, underlying feelings

2. continue to explore situation and teh feelings of particpants until you understand an nature of the events that inspired angry feelings

3. as you explore client's anger, authentically xpress feelings and reactons

4. apply a problem solving approach

5.if this is frequent and dysfunctional, might focus on client's style of expressing anger

6.in addition to empathingzing with client anger, you can model assertisve setting of boundaries and limits

Term
what is verbal following?
Definition
involves the use of and sometimes blending of discrete skills that enable social workers to maintain psychological contact on a moment by moment basis with clients and to convey accurate understanding of their messages
Term
What two performance variables does verbal followiung take into account?
Definition

1. stimulus response congruency - the extent to which sw's responses provide feedback to coientst that their messages are accdurately received

2. contetnt relevance - ext to which teh content of sw's responses is perceived by clients as relevant to their substantive concerns.

Term
what are the verbal following skills?
Definition

1, furthering

2. paraphrasing

3. closed ended responses

4. open ended responses

5. seeking concreteness

6. providing and maintaining focus

7. summarizing

Term
Furthering responses indicate sw's are listening attentively and encrouage clients to verbalize.  What are the three types/
Definition

minimal -  - nonverbal or verbal. Tehy signal the sw's attentive and encourage the client to continue verbalizing.

minimal and accent responses

Term
what is an accent response?
Definition
involves repeating ina  quition tonoe of voice with emphasis on a word or short phrase?
Term
what is paraphrasing responses?
Definition
using fresh words to restate the clinet's message concisely
Term
what are closed and open ended responses?
Definition

closed ended questions define a topic and restric the clients response to a fwe owrds or a simple yes or no answer.

 

Open ended - invite expanded expression and leave client free to express what seems most relevant and important

Term
what is responding concretely?
Definition
using words that describe in explicit terms specific experiences, behaviors and feelings.
Term
what types of responses facilitate specificity of expressions by clients?
Definition

1. checking out perceptions

clarifying the meaning of vague or unfamiliar terms

3. exploring the basis of conclusions drawn by clients

4. assisting clinets to personalize their statements

5. eliciting sprcific feelings

6. focusing on the herer and now, rather than the distant past

7. eliciting details related to clients' experiences

8. eliciting details related to interactional behavior

Term
what are the 4 facets of summarizing responses?
Definition

highlighting key aspect of discussions of sprecifc problems before changing the focus of discussion

2. making connections between relebant aspects of lengthy client messages

3. reviewing major focus points of a sessions adn tasks that a client plans ot work on before next session

4. rexcapitulating the highlights of  previous sessions and reviewing client progress on tasks during the week for providing focus and continuity between sessions

 

 

Term
Assessment involved gathering info and forumulatijng it in a coherent picture o fht elcient and their circumstances
Definition
Assessment
Term
what is reciprocal interaction
Definition
The person acts upon an dersponds to the extrenal world and the quality of those actions affects the external worlds reactions (and vice versa).
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