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Goal 12- Page 2
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90
History
11th Grade
04/26/2011

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

25th Amendment

Definition

 1970

 

In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice-President will take his place as President.

Term

 

 

Affirmative Action

Definition

1970

 

A policy that seeks to correct the effect of past discrimination by favoring the groups who were previously disadvantaged.

 

Term

 

 

Anwar el-Sadat

Definition

1970

 

Egytian president that got together with prime minister Begin and Carter in Jerusalem. Together they formed the Camp David Accords.

 

Term

 

 

Apartheid

Definition

1970

Meaning "apartness". System that divided South Africans into four segregated racial groups- whites, blacks, coloreds of mixed race, and Asians.

Term

 

 

Ayatollah Khomeini

Definition

1970

 

Muslim religious leader who led rebels in overthrowing the shah and establishing a religious state based on strict obedience to the Qur'an.

 

Term

 

 

Bob Woodward/

Carl Bernstein

Definition

1970

 

Two Washington Post reporters that uncovered information that linked members of the administration to the Watergate burglary.

Term

 

 

Camp David

Accords

Definition

1970

 

Agreements between Israel and Egypt, reached in negotiations at Camp David in 1978.

Term

 

 

Clarence Thomas

Definition

1970

 

Nominated to take Thurgood Marshall's place, accused of sexually harassing co-worker Anita Hill.

 

Term

 

 

Department of Energy

Definition

1970

 

Part of Carter's plans to conserve energy and research new energy resources. It also began the National Energy Act of 1973.

Term

 

 

Detente

Definition

1970

 

Easing of tensions that was adopted by President Nixon and his adviser Henry Kissinger in their dealings with communist nations.

 

Term

 

 

Election

of 1976

Definition

1970

 

Gerald Ford- Rebulican, Nixon pardon, Stagflation

Jimmy Carter- Democrat, Peanut farmer, Promised to be different.

 

Term

 

 

Energy Crisis

Definition

1970

 

Nuclear Power, Solar Energy, Three Mile Island. Formation of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Term

 

Environmental Protection

Agency

 

Definition

1970

 

An agency est. for the regulation of water and air pollution, toxic waste, pesticides, and radiation.

 

Term

 

 

Equal Rights

Amendment

Definition

1970

 

Proposed amendement that would have prohibited any government discrimination on the basis of sex.

Term

 

 

 

Helsinki Accords

Definition

1970

 

A series of agreements that promised greater cooperation between the nations of Eastern and Western Europe.

 

 

Term

 

 

Iran-Contra

Affair

Definition

1970

Terrorist took a number of Americans hostage in Lebanon. Reagan denounced Iran and urged U.S. allies not to sell arms to Iran for its war against Iraq. We then traded hostages for weapons.

Term

 

 

Iran Hostage

Crisis

Definition

1970

Terrorists took hostages for 444 days. Carter tried one rescue attempt that failed due to a storm in the desert, Iranians released the hostages minutes after Reagan took the oath of office.

Term

 

 

 

Jimmy Carter

Definition

1970

 

Focused his administration on the Energy Crisis. Created the Department of Energy and the National Energy act of 1973

Term

 

 

John Dean

Definition

1970

 

Presidential Counsel, one of the men investigated in the Watergate Scandal. He delivered the first bomb.

Term

 

 

Menachem Begin

Definition

1970

 

Prime minister, one of the three leaders who created the Camp David Accords.

 

Term

 

 

National Energy

Act

Definition

1970

Law that est. a tax on "gas-guzzling" automobiles, removed price controls on U.S. oil and natural gas, also provided tax credits for the developments of alternative energy sources.

 

Term

 

 

Nelson Mandela

Definition

1970

 

A black anti-apartheid leader whom the white government had imprisoned for nearly 30 years.

 

Term

 

 

New Federalism

Definition

1970

 

President Nixon's program to turn over part of the federal government's power to state and local governments.

 

Term

 

 

Three Mile

Island

Definition

1970

 

Plant near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania that

had a nuclear reactor malfunction. The reactor over heated after its cooling system failed.

 

Term

 

 

Nuclear Power

Definition

1970

 

Good alternative for oil energy, however its very dangerous  to people and the environment.

 

Term

 

 

Regents of the University of California

V.

Bakke

Definition

1970

Bakke, a white male was not admitted  to the school despite his test scores and grades. Ruled racial quotas (affirmative action, reverse discrimination) unconstitutional.

 

Term

 

 

Reverse discrimination

Definition

1970

 

Favoring one group over another on the

basis of race or gender.

 

Term

 

 

Roe V. Wade

Definition

1970

 

Court ruled first-trimester abortions were protected by a woman's right to privacy.

 

Term

 

 

SALT I and II

Definition

1970

Agreement between U.S. and Soviet Union at limited the nations numbers of intercontinental ballistc missles and submarine-launched missles. Also restricted the testing of nuclear bombs

 

Term

 

 

Watergate Scandal

Definition

1970

Scandal rising from Nixon administration's attempt to cover up its involvement in the break-in at the Democractic National Committee headquarters in the Watergate apartment complex.

Term

 

 

Sam Ervin/

Senate Watergate Committee

Definition

1970

Senator who called the administration to give a testimony during the Watergate Scandal. (During the Senate's own investigation of Watergate).

Term

 

 

Stagflation

Definition

1970

 

An economic condition marked by both inflation and high unemployment.

Term

 

 

Sunbelt States

Definition

1970

 

Warmer states, warmer climates

Term

 

Swan V.

Charlotte Mecklenburg

Schools

Definition

1970

 

Court ruled that school districts may bus students to other schools to end the pattern of all-black or all-white educational institutions.

Term

 

 

Yom Kippur

War

Definition

1970

 

Syria and Egypt invaded Israel on Yom Kippur, most sacred Jewish holiday. War was short but brutal. U.S. provided massive military aid to Israel.

Term

 

 

Airline deregulation

Definition

1980

 

Cut back of federal regulation of industry, allowing airlines to abandon unprofitable air routes.

Term

 

 

Challenger disaster

Definition

1980

 

The explosion of the Challenger as it launched into space.

Term

 

 

Election

of 1980

Definition

1980

 

Reagan and Bush ran against Jimmy Carter and Walter Mondale.

Term

 

 

Election of

1984

Definition

1980

Reagan and Bush-Republicans

Carter and Ferraro-Democrats

Geraldine Ferraro was the first woman on a major party's presidential ticket.

 

Term

 

 

Election of

1988

Definition

1980

 

George Bush promised "No New Taxes".

Ran against Michael Dukakis.

Term

 

 

Glasnost

Definition

1980

 

The open discussion of social problems that was permitted in the Soviet Union in the 1980s.

Term

 

 

New Right

Coalition

Definition

1980

 

An alliance of conservative special-

interest groups concerned with cultural, social, and moral issues.

Term

 

 

Mikhail Gorbachev

Definition

1980

 

General Secretary of the Communist Party in the Soviet Union. Advocated Glasnost and Perestroika.

Term

 

 

Perestroika

Definition

1980

 

The restructing of the economy and the government in the Soviet Union.

Term

 

Fall of the

Berlin Wall

Definition

1980

 

Communist government falls, end of Cold War.

Term

 

 

Intermediate-Range Nuclear

Forces (INF) Treaty

Definition

1980

Agreement between the U.S.  and the Soviet Union that eliminated some weapons systems and allowed for on-site inspection of military installations.

Term

 

 

Microsoft

Definition

1980

 

Computer program invented by Bill Gates, changed the way computers were used.

Term

 

 

Sandra Day

O'Connor

Definition

1980

 

She was the first women on the

Supreme Court.

Term

 

 

Strategic Defense Initiative

(Star Wars)

Definition

1980

 

Defense system that is supposed to protect the U.S. against missle attacks.

Term

 

 

Supply-side

economics

Definition

1980

The idea that a reduction of tax rates will lead to increases in jobs, savings, and investments, and an increase in government revenue.

Term

 

 

Ronald Reagan

Definition

1980

Former president, he increased military spending and invested in SDI to confron the Soviet Union.

Term

 

 

Texas V. Johnson

Definition

1980

 

Court ruled that burning a flag is protected by a right given in the first amendment.

Term

 

 

Tiananmen Square

Definition

1980

 

Demonstrations in Beijing, China where Chinese students demanded freedom of speech and a greater voice in government.

Term

 

 

Bill Clinton

Definition

1990

Won the election of 1992 and 1996. Accused of taking part in fraudulent loans in the Whitewater affair. Denied sexual relations with a White House intern. Later is impeached for lying.

Term

 

 

Bill Gates

Definition

1990

 

The creator of Microsoft, helped changed the way computers were used.

Term

 

 

Election of

1992

Definition

1990

 

Bush-Republican(promotes family values) V. Clinton-Democrat(new image) V. Perot-Independent

Clinton wins in the end.

Term

 

 

Election of

1996

Definition

1990

Dole-Republican(failure to Clinton's healthcare plan) V. Clinton-Democrat(able to pass budgets and min. wage bills

V.Perot(Reform)

Clinton wins election.

Term

 

 

Graying of America

Definition

1990

 

The baby boomers generation is getting old.

Term

 

 

NAFTA

Definition

1990

The North American Free Trade Agreement- treaty that lowered tariffs and brought Mexico into the freetrade zone established by the U.S. and Canada.

Term

 

 

Al Gore

Definition

1990

Ran against Bush in the 2000 election. In this election it took more than 30 days to have a winning candidate.

Term

 

 

"Axis of Evil"

Definition

2000

After September 11 happend, Bush made a speech stating that Iraq, Iran, and North Korea were evil and we are at war with them.

Term

 

 

Airport Security

Definition

2000

 

Random security checks

Term

 

 

Afghanistan

Definition

2000

 

Terrorist Networks, Al-Qalda, Taliban

Term

 

 

No Child Left Behind

Definition

2000

This plan called for more accountability by states for students' success, mandatory achievement testing, and more school options available for parents.

Term

 

 

27th Amendment

Definition

1990

 

Congressional Pay

Term

 

 

NASDAQ in the

1990s

Definition

1990

National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System- a stock exchange for over-the-counter sales, comprised largely of technology companies.

Term

 

 

"Trickle-down"

theory

Definition

1990

Tax cut income taxes and business taxes by an average of 25%; the largest tax cuts went to those with the highest income. The profits at the top (high class) would trickle down to middle class, even the poor.

Term

 

 

National debt

Definition

1990

 

Tax cuts had helped the rich while social welfare cuts hurt the poor. Federal spending continued to go up.

Term

 

 

New Democrat

Definition

1990

Clinton promised to move away from traditional Democratic policies. He also emphasized the need to move people off of welfare and called for growth in private business.

Term

 

 

Al-Quaeda

Definition

2000

 

Terrorist group that is believed to be responsible for the 9/11 attacks.

Term

 

 

Bilingual Education

Definition

2000

 

Spanish speakers can attend school and vote in their own language.

Term

 

 

Bush Doctrine

Definition

2000

 

Bush wanted to bring morality back, do tax cuts, new energy plan, public school reform, and strategic defense

Term

 

 

Colin Powell

Definition

2000

Served first in Vietnam then in Korea, and West Germany. He rose in rank and became a general. President Reagan made him national security adviser.

Term

 

 

Department of

Homeland Security

Definition

2000

 

Government body set up to coordinate national efforts to combat terrorism. The federal government increased its involvement in aviation security.

Term

 

 

George W. Bush

Definition

2000

Former president, planned to bring morality back, tax cuts, No Child Left Behind, New energy plan, came up with the "Axis of Evil"

Term

 

 

Patriot Act

Definition

2000

 

Bugging phones so they can spy in on comversations that might deal with bombs or a threat to the U.S.

Term

 

 

Osama bin Laden

Definition

2000

 

Leader of the terrorist group al-Qaeda

Term

 

 

 

Multiculturalism

Definition

2000

 

the doctrine that several different cultures can coexist peacefully.

Term

 

 

Green Card

Definition

2000

a registration card, granting an immigrant from a foreign country permission to reside and be employed in the U.S. or other country.

Term

 

 

AIDS

Definition

1990

Disease caused by a virus that weakens the immune system. Makes the body prune to infections and other wise rare forms of cancer.

Term

 

 

Nuclear proliferation

Definition

2000

The spread of nuclear weapons to states that had not previously maintained nuclear forces.

Term

 

 

September 11, 2001

Definition

2000

 

two commercial jets struck the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York City.

 

Term

 

 

World Trade

Center

Definition

2000

 

Center in New York City where two jets hit the twin towers while the third plane tore into the Pentagon Building.

Term

 

 

War in Iraq

Definition

2000

After September 11, the Bush Administration began waging a war against terrorism. It began in Afganistan then soon spread to Iraq.

Term

 

 

Saddam Hussein

Definition

1980

Leader of Iraq, he refused to be inspected for arms, he was ordered to leave the country, he was found hiding in a hole in the ground.

Term

 

 

Newt Gingrich

Definition

1990

Republican congressman that began to turn voters' dissatisfaction (in the health care plans) with Clinton into support for Republicans.

 

Term

 

 

Nativist

Definition

2000

 

Someone who studies the interests of native-born people over foreign-born people.

Term

 

Persian Gulf

War

Definition

1980

 

Hussein claimed that the oil-riched nation of Kuwait was really part of Iraq so Iraq invaded Kuwait.

Term

 

 

Taliban Regime

Definition

2000

 

Afghan troops that fought during the War on Iraq.

Term

 

 

Ross Perot

Definition

1990

Third party candidate in the Election of 1992, Texas billionare. Targeted federal budget deficit as the number one problem.

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