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Global Supply Operations
Test 1
49
Business
Undergraduate 3
09/23/2009

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Term
Operations Management
Definition
The planning, scheduling, and control of the activities that transform inputs into finished goods and services
Term
Suply Chain Management
Definition
ACTIVE management of supply chain activities and relationships to maximize customer value and achieve a sustainable competitive advantage
Term
Material Flows
Definition
Upstream = suppliers ect.
Downstream = Retailers Distributors
ect.
1st tier suppliers and 2nd tier suppliers
Term
Business Strategy
Definition
Long-term master plan for the company; establishes the general direction
Term
Functional Strategies
Definition
Further develop the business strategy in segments of business - must be aligned and coordinated
Term
Core Competencies
Definition
Organizational strengths that provide focus and foundation for the company's strategies
Term
Order Winners
Definition
Differentiators - performance not yet duplicated by competitiors
Competitive advantage - performance better than all or most of the competitiors
Term
Qualifiers
Definition
Minimus accptable level of performance
Term
Value Analysis
Definition
A process for determining the best choice when there are no unambiguous formulas for doing so
Helps maintain focus in gathering and assessing relevant data
Term
JIT
Definition
Just-in-time
Repetitive production system in which processing and movement of materials and goods occur JUST AS THEY ARE NEEDED
Term
Lean production
Definition
Tighter coordination along the supply chain
Goods are pulled along, only make and ship what is needed
Term
JIT Goals
Definition
Eliminate disruptions
Make the system flexible
Reduce setup times and lead times
Minimize inventory
ELIMINATE WASTE
Term
Waste
Definition
anything other than the minimum amount of equipment, materials, parts, space and workers' time, which are absolutely essential to add value to the product
Term
Lean perspective
Definition
Process of reducing inventory leads to reduction of the other wastes and exposes problems in order of severity (Iceburg analogy)
Term
Six Sigma
Definition
A methodology that combines well with Lean goals, helps address the "rocks" as they become exposed when reducing inventory
Term
Building Blocks of JIT
Definition
Product design: Standard parts, modular design, quality
Process design
Personnel and organizational elements
Manufacturing planning and control
Term
Kanban
Definition
Uses simple visual signals to control production - Pull processing
ex. empty slot in hamburger chute
empty space on floor
Kanban card
Term
Primary business processes
Definition
Value-added work dircting related to what the custormer pays for
Term
Support business processes
Definition
Purchasing, maintenance, transportation to point-of-sale, moving and tracking material between value-added steps, administration, ect
Term
Development Business Processes
Definition
Design, assessment, and marketing efforts to provide new services or products, training new job skills
Term
Swim Lan Process Map
Definition
Shows functional relationships versus time
Can help in measuing loading on various functional areas
Illustrates cross-function communication processes
Term
Process Measures
Definition
Poductivity
Efficiency
Cycle Time
Benchmarking
Term
Efficiency
Definition
A comparison of a company's actual performance ot some standard
100%(actual rate/standard rate)
Term
Cycle Time
Definition
Total time required to complete a process from start to finish
Also called througput, fulfillment, or takt time
Term
Benchmarking
Definition
A comparison of a company's performance to the performance of
Other firms in its industry (stratigic)
Firms identified as "world-class" (process)
Term
Six Sigma: Core value defect level
Definition
based on allowing the mean of a process to drift to within about 4.5 standard deviations of either specification limit.
A true six sigma variation around a mean centered within specifications would correspond to a defect level of 2 parts per billion
Term
Two basic Six Sigma processes are
Definition
DMAIC
DMADV
Term
DMAIC
Definition
Define-measure-analyze-improve-control)
Term
DMADV
Definition
Define Measure Analyze Design Verify
Term
Dimensions of Quality
Definition
Performance
Features
Reliability
Durability
Conformance
Aesthetics
Serviceability
Perceived Quality
Term
Devensive Quality
Definition
Quality analyzed in economic terms
Term
Total cost of quality
Definition
Failure Costs
Appraisal Costs
Prevention Costs
Term
Total Quality Management TQM
Definition
Managing the entire organization so that it excels in all dimensions important to the customer
Product development
Marketing
Operations
Supply chain
Support services
Term
TQM Principles
Definition
Customer focus
Leadership involvement
Continuous improvement
Employee empowerment
Quality assurance (including SQC or SPC)
Strategic partnerships
Strategic quality plan
Term
SQC
Definition
Statistical Quality Control
Term
SPC
Definition
Statistical Process Control
Term
TQM Customer focus
Definition
Each employee has a customer whether internal or external to the company
Term
TQM Leadership involvement
Definition
Must be 'top' down, throughout the company
Term
TQM Continuous improvement
Definition
supports other core principles
Term
TQM Employee empowerment
Definition
Key to success
Lack of empowerment major cause of TQM/SPC failures
Term
Quality assurance TQM
Definition
Quality Function Deployment (QFD) discussed in Ch. 6
Statistical quality control (SQC) aslo called statistical process control (SPC)
Acceptance sampling (OC curve)
Term
Process Capability
Definition
Can the process provide accptable quality CONSISTENTLY
Term
Process Capability Ratio
Definition
Upper Tolerance Limit - Lower Tolerance Limit / 6o
o is the estimated standard deviation for the individual ovservation
Term
Six Sigma Quality
Definition
When a process operates with +-6o vartiaton centered between the tolerance limits, only 2 parts out of a billion will be unaccptable
Term
Process Capability Index
Definition
Used when the process is not precisely cntered between the tolerance limits
Term
Statistical Process Control
Definition
Statistical - Uses statistics of samples rather than individual items
Reduces cost compared to inspecting every item
Only used when defects can be quantified
Term
Sample size vs Number of Samples
Definition
Sample size = number in each group n (12 eggs) Number of samples = number of groups k (1 carton)
Term
Variable
Definition
continuous values - lenght weight ect
Term
Attribute
Definition
Good, bad, #defects/unit, %
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